Sami a. Al-Mudhaffar Dr

The book contains various subjects such as the determinatients of total sialic acid, lipid- bound sialic acid and glycoproteins in sera of multiple myeloma and leukemic patients . Then super oxide dismutase activity in those patients, then the binding of lectin to human erythrocyte surface glycoconjucates were studied.

This book shows investigation of various compounds to see whether they cou1d be used as markers in diagnosis of skin and kidney cancer.Thesecompounds inc1ude total. and bound sialic acid, the diagnostic use fULness of sial.ic acid found in this study was quite clear and was comparable to skincancer patients the resul.tswas false positive.The diagnostic ofTSA of skin cancer patients elevated levels with false positive.A comparative studies betweenplasma LASA and levels of CEA of cancer patients where characterized by elevated CEA.. The results indicate that diagnostic effectiveness of sialic acid was better than CEA.The data presented in this study showed that serum protein-bound hexose was increased in sera. of patients with skin cancer but, it may not specific enough to be of good diagnostic teet for skin cancer, while the determin ation of seromucoid was more specific than protein-boundhexose and it could be helpful with other diagnostic tests for diagnosis of cancer..

This book deals with determination of L-T3, L-T4 levels in Benign and pre-postmenopausal malignant, determination the concentration of the labled tracer by Morris method . Furthermore these hormones were subjected to kinetics and thermodynamics for the binding .

Future Studied are focusing on several scientific areas such as renewable energy, genetic engineering, biotechnology, electronic industries, the manufacture of computers and communications, telecommunications space and material science. Researchers expect, the use of satellites for the transfer of solar energy to micro-wave stations can broadcast to the ground as the receipt and then transformed again into energy that can be used, then in the field of genetic engineering, many recalled of the perceptions of future scientists in the following futurism: -Copying Genius reproduction free of disease.-Production that produces roots potato tubers, while spared the same plant tomatoes.-Production of human beings does not depend on food animals, but on solar energy and carbon dioxide since it contains chlorophyll.In the area of electronics and computers industry witnessed the following:

Biotechnology alone will not feed Iraqis or give them better health, but it wouldbe irresponsible not to see it as one of the available tools.This book deals: - Food shortage and malnutrition- Unsafe drinking water.- Improper sanitation system.- Poor health care.- Analyses the major activities of biotechnology in Iraq.- Examines the prospects of strengthening biotechnology in conjunctionwith conventional technologies.- Finally it outlines the strategies for the promotion of biotechnology in

This book deals with using radioimmuno assay to measure the B2 microglobulin, the results show the differences between the level of normal and those suffered by tumors .

Lactate dehydrogenase was assayed in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with different neurological diseases using scandanavian method . The activity was found to increase especially in the diseases that are known to affect the permeability of the blood -cerebrospinal fluid barrier . Lactodehydrogenase 1 and 4 were separated from cereprospinal fluid from patients with meningitis by gel filtration.

1- Serum LH level was measured in three groups of individuals, by Immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). Group one consisted of (8) premenopausal women suffering from benign serous ovarian tumor. Group two consisted of (4) premenopausal women suffering from malignant serous ovarian tumor. Group three consisted of (10) control premenopausal women.2- The presence of LH was investigated in two groups of benign serous ovarian tumors and one group of malignant serous ovarian tumors. The results obtained indicate a higher incidence of LH in the malignant tumors than in the benign tumors.3-The characteristics of the binding of 125I-anti LH antibody with LH in pre-and postmenopausal patients with benign and malignant serous ovarian tumors homogenate were investigated. Different factors affecting this binding was extensively studied such as, pH, time, temperature, salts, the concentration of 125I-anti LH antibody and the concentration of LH.4- The time-course of 125I-anti LH antibody with LH in pre-and postmenopausal patients with benign and malignant serous ovarian tumors homogenate was studied at five different temperatures. The obtained data have obeyed pseudo-first order Kinetics for the association of 125I-anti LH antibody with LH.5- The kinetic parameters K+1, K-1, Ka, and Kd of the binding of 125I-anti LH antibody with LH in pre-and postmenopausal patients with benign and malignant serous ovarian tumors were determined at five different temperatures.6- The thermodynamic of the 125I-anti LH antibody binding with LH in pre-and postmenopausal patients with benign and malignant serous ovarian tumors was studied by using Van't Hoff and Arrhenius equations. From these equations the thermodynamic parameters of the standard state ( ) and the transition state ( and also Ea) were determined.7- The (125I-anti LH antibody/LH) complex was isolated from the unbound 125I-anti LH antibody by gel filtration technique in pre-and postmenopausal patients with benign and malignant serous ovarian tumors. The absorption spectra of the isolated complex and the unbound 125I-anti LH antibody were studied.8- Spectroscopic studies in the U.V region were carried out on the unbound 125I-anti LH antibody and (125I-anti LH antibody/LH) complex in premenopausal patients with malignant serous ovarian tumors. The effect of pH and polarity on the spectra and observation of the thermal stability of (125I-anti LH antibody/LH) complex were studied.

2. The presence and characterization of hCG in cytosolic homogenate of breast tumor tissues were investigated by a modified immunoradiometric Assay (IRMA). This method was found to be a suitable for the assessment of hCG in benign and malignant breast tumor.3. Different factors affecting the binding of hCG and 125I-ant hCG antibody, affinity constant and hCG concentration (Bmax) were studied.4. The presence and characterization of hCG in cytosolic homogenate of breast tumor tissues were investigated by using a modified radioreceptor assay (RRA). This method was found to be a suitable for the assessment of hCG-receptor in benign and malignant breast tumor.