Satish Geeri

Elbow is one of the most common components in the pipe line system, where pressure difference occurred as a fluid flow. Due to the pressure difference the centrifugal forces are developed. For this reason, the behavior of the fluid flow in a 90 elbow for different geometries of nozzle have been studied using the FLUENT software. Ten different models were investigated based on the K-ɛ model of the energy equation. The analysis was simulated in terms of the velocity and pressure contours and comparison is done. The analysis has been done for 10 different models with changing the angle of convergence from 0˚ to 90˚and found that the velocity gradients are increasing and pressure gradients are decreasing in an ascending order of the angles of convergence for nozzle geometry. The software values are compared to the regression values and found to yield good agreement with the simulated values.

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a relatively new solid-state joining process. This joining technique is energy efficient, environment friendly, and versatile. In FSW parameters play an important role like tool design, tool rotational speed, and axial force. To get effective welding joint need to concentrate on process parameters on FSW. Weld quality is predominantly affected by welding input parameters. The welding input parameters in FSW are tool Profile, tool rotational speed, and axial force play a major role in deciding the joint strength. The average FE tool value of weld strength for plane surface tool is 172.27 MPa. The average practical value of weld strength for plane surface tool is 218.91 MPa. The average value of weld strength for conical surface tool in FE tool 177.93 MPa. The maximum weld strength at 822.18oC both conical and plane surface tools are having 207.75 and 205.57 MPa. The average percentage of error is 21.29 for plane surface tool between the practical values and FE tool values. These values are observed that weld strength increase by using conical tool. In present work an attempt has been made to join the pure copper by using FE tool.

Polymer composites have good characteristics like modulus/weight ratio, strength/weight ratio, excellent fatigue and non-corroding properties which encourage to the extensive applications. This study was about the orientation of fiber effects on the mechanical properties of E-glass reinforced polymer composites which is essential. For three different orientations (00/900, 00/450 & 00/1350) of fiber, epoxy laminated composites are fabricated by hand-layup technique and these specimens were subjected to tensile, flexural and hardness testing as per the ASTM standards. This paper evaluates the comparison of different orientation of E-glass fiber in order to improve the strength and hardness. The experimental results reveal the best tensile strength & hardness values are obtained for 00/900 oriented fibers, flexural strength is for 00/450 orientations specimen. Regression analysis is utilised to check the validity of the experimental data. The results demonstrated that the created quadratic models are suitable for the prediction of experimental values for mechanical properties.