Subhashish Dey

Concrete structures and the associated cracking represent a persistent challenge within the fields of construction and civil engineering, a dilemma that has persisted for decades. Generally, cracks arise from the expansion and contraction of materials, which can lead to various forms of damage within buildings. Engineers typically address these damages and irregularities through manual inspections or by employing predictive models developed using machine learning techniques, thereby facilitating a comprehensive assessment of the structural health of the edifices. This research aims to implement tools such as the VGG 16 network model alongside other machine learning methodologies to identifycracks in concrete structures. We propose a model that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with a VGG-based architecture. For image processing and segmentation, we have employed the gradient boosting algorithm. The datasets utilized in this study were sourced from the Kaggle platform, and the Hugging Face Transformers library was leveraged for implementation. To assess the performance of the developed models, metrics including precision, accuracy, recall, and F1 score were employed.

Environmental pollution is one of the major problems plaguing the modern world today. The environment and the various elements in the environment need energy to meet their need. So there is a need to produce energy from different sources. Solid Waste is one such material that can be used as a source for deriving energy. The studies on conversion of solid waste to energy have resulted several alternatives including the bio gas generation from biodegradable organic waste.There are several alternatives in the estimation of bio gas yield from the biodegradable fraction of solid waste. The different types of biodegradable organic waste may comprises of cow dung, pig waste, poultry manure, food waste, vegetable waste, kitchen waste etc. The present study focuses on production of bio gas using cow dung with vegetable waste and poultry manure. In this study, by doing experimentation it is observed that the production of bio gas from co-digestion of different organic waste is more than individual waste. The highest yield of bio gas is obtained from co-digestion of cow dung with poultry manure than co-digestion of cow dung with the vegetable waste.

The use of HSC has steadily increased over the past years, which leads to the design of smaller sections. This in turn reduces the dead weight, allowing longer spans and more usable area of buildings. Reduction in mass is also important for economical design of earthquake resistant structures HSC is a brittle material. The increase in concrete strength reduces its ductility, and this is a serious drawback for the use of HSC. A compromise between these two characteristics of concrete (strength and ductility) can be obtained by adding steel fibers. In addition to this, due to the high population and scarcity of land to disposal of industrial wast ages (i.e. Fly ash, Silica fume, Quarry Dust, GGBS etc). The best solutions for that engineering problems is optimal usage of industrial waste by replacement of construction materials.In the present experimental study is carried out to assess mechanical properties of high strength fiber reinforced concrete (HSFRC) of grade M60. The experimental study is carried with the effective type and volume fraction of fibers on compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength of (HSFRC).

Concrete is an essential building material in the construction industry. This concrete contains pores and micro cracks which lead to less resistance to atmospheric attacks . This can be resolved by making concrete denser by adding filler which will reduce the pores, cracks and increase the strength. So as an experimental attempt is made to improve the compressive strength by filling the pores in concrete by replacing Carbon black powder obtained as wastage of rubber industry, which acts as filler in concrete and TiO2 is a mineral admixture which improves the compressive strength. In this experimental study M35 grade of concrete is taken and the compressive, flexural and split tensile strengths are evaluated. The Black carbon powder is partially replaced with cement in percentages of 2.5%,5%,7.5% and 10%. The optimum value obtained from the above replacement is added with titanium dioxide (Tio2) in percentages of 0.5%,1% and1.5%. The strength results are compared with conventional concrete at different percentages of black carbon powder and titanium dioxide as a partial replacement of cement for 7 days & 28 days.

Construction industry depends heavily on conventional materials such as cement, granite and sand for the production of concrete. Cement is the most economical constituents used in the production of concrete and also poses the problem of acute shortage in many areas, which poses serious problems on its availability, cost and environmental impact. For preventing environment and to produce a low cost concrete an attempt is being made in this project that the cement is partially replaced by locally available material such as egg shell powder. The concrete design mix considered is M40 of ratio 1: 1.61: 2.87. The specimens were prepared by replacing cement by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%. The mechanical properties of Egg shell powdered Concrete like compressive, split tensile and flexural strength were determined for 7, 28 and 56 days of curing period and results were compared with the conventional concrete.Therefore, fly ash is highly worthful to search for an alternate material which can replacement without compromising the quality of concrete.

Pervious concrete is a new construction material used to reduce stormwater runoff and to recharge the groundwater level. Pervious concrete is a composite material consisting of coarse aggregate bonded together with cement paste with or without fine aggregate, admixtures and additives. It is used as paving material for the parking areas, low volume pavements and sidewalks. Permeable concrete construction is gaining rapid popularity in most of the places in the world because of its ability to reduce urban heat and noise mitigation. It has a capability to solve the important environmental issues, hence it is considered as a suitable management practice for the sustainable development. Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete, which consists of cement, coarse aggregates. water and if required, admixtures and other cementitious materials. As there are no fine aggregates used in the concrete matrix, the void content is more which allows the water to flow through its body. So the pervious concrete is also called as Permeable concrete and Pervious concrete. Generally pervious concrete is used in parking areas, areas with light traffic, residential areas.