Thomas Sowell

Chto lezhit v osnove samykh zharkikh politicheskikh i sotsialnykh sporov sovremennosti? Tomas Souell, avtor desjatkov knig, vydajuschijsja ekonomist, teoretik, laureat mnozhestva nagrad, ubeditelno dokazyvaet, chto koren raznoglasij - v fundamentalnom konflikte vzgljadov na prirodu cheloveka. Eta kniga, nazvannaja kritikami "ekstraordinarnoj" i "provokatsionnoj", - nastojaschij intellektualnyj proryv. Chitat ejo - "vsjo ravno chto smotret na nochnoe nebo i otkryvat dlja sebja novoe sozvezdie". Souell chestno i dokhodchivo provodit chitatelja cherez dva stoletija obschestvennoj mysli, prepodavaja tsennyj urok: kazhdyj politicheskij vybor soprjazhjon s izderzhkami. Pered vami putevoditel dlja vsekh, kto khochet ponjat istinnye filosofskie osnovy obschestva, probivshis skvoz prizmu partijnosti i populjarnykh ideologij.Eta kniga issleduet dva protivopolozhnykh vzgljada na chelovecheskuju prirodu i obschestvo: ogranichennyj (ljudi egoistichny, nuzhny stimuly i sistemy) i neogranichennyj (ljudi mogut sovershenstvovatsja razumom i dobroj volej).Avtor pokazyvaet, kak eti predstavlenija vlijajut na politiku, ekonomiku i spravedlivost. Ego kniga - ne abstraktnaja filosofija, a kljuch k ponimaniju realnykh politicheskikh bitv i ekonomicheskikh reshenij. Ona dajot chitatelju chjotkuju sistemu koordinat dlja analiza ljubykh diskussij - ot ravenstva do spravedlivosti.

Vas vsegda budut uschemljat v pravakh. Pochemu? Potomu chto vy zhenschina ili muzhchina, vy iz drugoj strany, u vas drugaja i kultura, drugie tsennosti i printsipy. A esche vy mozhete byt slishkom polnym, vysokim, molodym ili starym. Vse potomu chto vy - chelovek. Ostanovit bezzhalostnyj mekhanizm predrassudkov mozhno, tolko izuchiv ego iznutri. Eta kniga rasskazyvaet o tom: * Kakimi preimuschestvami obladajut perventsy v semjakh. * Vlijaet li vash IQ na vysokij zarabotok. * Chto vazhnee - vospitanie ili geny. * Pochemu sotsialnoj statistike nelzja verit. * I mozhno li otlichit stereotip ot realnosti. Prochitav etu knigu, vy uznaete ob istoricheskikh kornjakh diskriminatsii, o faktorakh, kotorye sposobstvovali vozniknoveniju predrassudkov, i o prichinakh zakreplenija neravenstva v obschestve. Ob avtore: Tomas Souel, izvestnyj amerikanskij ekonomist, sotsialnyj teoretik i istorik, v svoem trude prizyvaet k bolee glubokomu ponimaniju diskriminatsii, predlagaja podkhody, kotorye sposobstvujut spravedlivosti i ravenstvu. On issleduet fenomen neravenstva, predlagaja detalnyj analiz ee prirody i razlichnykh form. OTZYV "Pochemu pri odinakovykh usilijakh odni ljudi, sotsialnye gruppy ili dazhe strany uspeshnee drugikh? V chem raznitsa ponjatij neravenstva i diskriminatsii? Pravilno li my ponimaem diskriminatsiju voobsche? Chasto v obschestve obosnovaniem kak uspekha, tak i neudach stanovitsja diskriminatsija - sformirovannoe na opredelennykh priznakakh predvzjatoe otnoshenie, kotoroe jakoby i prepjatstvuet dostizheniju blagopoluchija. Tak li eto vsegda? Avtor knigi podvergaet kriticheskomu analizu takoe rasprostranennoe objasnenie. On utverzhdaet, chto ljudi sklonny putat ponjatija neravenstva i diskriminatsii. Chitaja primery oproverzhenija populjarnykh mifov o prichinakh neravenstva, volej-nevolej ponimaesh, naskolko obschestvo sklonno k uproscheniju slozhnykh sotsialnykh protsessov, osoznaesh, chto neravenstvo samo po sebe ne javljaetsja priznakom nespravedlivosti i chto ravnye vozmozhnosti ne dajut garantij uspekha. Delo ne v tom, chto avtor khochet pereubedit nas, chto v obschestve otsutstvuet diskriminatsija - net, on predlagaet zadumatsja o slozhnom ustrojstve mira i samostojatelno sformirovat svoj vzgljad na problemu neravenstva". - Olga Bochkova, osnovatel i rukovoditel Akademii bezopasnosti Olgi Bochkovoj, psikholog

The quest for social justice is a powerful crusade of our time, with an appeal to many different people, for many different reasons. But those who use the same words do not always present the same meanings. Clarifying those meanings is the first step toward finding out what we agree on and disagree on. From there, it is largely a question of what the facts are. Social Justice Fallacies reveals how many things that are thought to be true simply cannot stand up to documented facts, which are often the opposite of what is widely believed.However attractive the social justice vision, the crucial question is whether the social justice agenda will get us to the fulfillment of that vision. History shows that the social justice agenda has often led in the opposite direction, sometimes with catastrophic consequences. More things are involved besides simply mistakes. All human beings are fallible, and social justice advocates may not necessarily make any more mistakes than others. But crusaders with an utter certainty about their mission are often undeterred by obstacles, evidence or even fatal dangers. That is where much of the Western world is today. The question is whether we will continue on heedlessly, past the point of no return.

Bazovye printsipy ekonomicheskoj nauki.Objasnenie chelovecheskim jazykom bez tsifr, grafikov i diagramm.Bolshaja klassicheskaja kniga, izdavaemaja bolee 20 let.

Economic and other outcomes differ vastly among individuals, groups, and nations. Many explanations have been offered for the differences. Some believe that those with less fortunate outcomes are victims of genetics. Others believe that those who are less fortunate are victims of the more fortunate.Discrimination and Disparities gathers a wide array of empirical evidence to challenge the idea that different economic outcomes can be explained by any one factor, be it discrimination, exploitation, or genetics. This revised and enlarged edition also analyzes the human consequences of the prevailing social vision of these disparities and the policies based on that vision--from educational disasters to widespread crime and violence.

As public schools in low income areas fell into disrepair and failed to meet the needs of disadvantaged and minority students, charter schools offered an alternative. These schools were born out of the idea that low income families should be allowed to choose where their children went to school, just the same as high income families. If the public school in the community was unsatisfactory, shouldn't they be allowed to seek out an alternative? The alternatives are surprisingly effective. Charter schools located in low income black and Latinx communities achieve results surpassing both traditional public schools in their areas, and also, in many cases, public schools in more affluent neighbourhoods. In Charter Schools and Their Enemies, celebrated conservative intellectual Thomas Sowell explores the surprising success of this model and the surprising backlash that threatens to dismantle it.Instead of being celebrated for their successes, charter schools are caught in political crosscurrents. In addition to uncovering the success of the charter school movement, Sowell pays careful attention to its adversaries to understand how these schools became such a contentious issue and why the controversy rages on. Teachers' unions, fearful of their hold over government-funded education, fund political candidates to oppose the charter school movement. Liberal educators also oppose charter schools, Sowell argues, because they believe that the school system should indoctrinate the young in progressive politics.Deeply researched and amply documented, Charter Schools and Their Enemies is essential reading for anyone concerned with debates over education in America.

Winner of the 2021 Hayek Book PrizeA leading conservative intellectual defends charter schools against the teachers' unions, politicians, and liberal educators who threaten to dismantle their success. The black-white educational achievement gap -- so much discussed for so many years -- has already been closed by black students attending New York City's charter schools. This might be expected to be welcome news. But it has been very unwelcome news in traditional public schools whose students are transferring to charter schools. A backlash against charter schools has been led by teachers unions, politicians and others -- not only in New York but across the country. If those attacks succeed, the biggest losers will be minority youngsters for whom a quality education is their biggest chance for a better life.

In Wealth, Poverty, and Politics , Dr. Thomas Sowell of the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, examines the reasons for large differences in income and wealth between nations and among groups within nations. A wide range of geographic, demographic, cultural, and political factors are examined, not to find a single factor or a single combination of factors that will explain all economic differences, but to show how particular combinations of factors limit or expand the possibilities for specific nations and peoples at specific times and places.Dr. Sowell also examines some popular explanations of these differences and shows why they will not stand up under scrutiny. In doing so, he takes on some of the reigning titans of the redistributionist movement,including John Rawls, Thomas Piketty, Paul Krugman, and Joseph Stiglitz,and shows how a remarkable number of their claims cannot withstand plain common sense, expressed in plain English.

Say's Law--the idea that "supply creates its own demand"--has been a basic concept in economics for almost two centuries. Thomas Sowell traces its evolution as it emerged from successive controversies, particularly two of the most bitter and long lasting in the history of the discipline, the "general glut controversy" that reached a peak in the 1820s, and the Keynesian Revolution of the 1930s. These controversies not only involved almost every noted economist of the time but had repercussions on basic economic theory, methodology, and sociopolitical theory. This book, the first comprehensive coverage of the subject, will be an indispensable addition to the history of economic thought. It is also relevant to all social sciences concerned with economic prosperity, with the nature of intellectual orthodoxy and insurgency, or with the complex relationships among ideology, concepts, and policies. Originally published in 1972. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Say's Law--the idea that "supply creates its own demand"--has been a basic concept in economics for almost two centuries. Thomas Sowell traces its evolution as it emerged from successive controversies, particularly two of the most bitter and long lasting in the history of the discipline, the "general glut controversy" that reached a peak in the 1820s, and the Keynesian Revolution of the 1930s. These controversies not only involved almost every noted economist of the time but had repercussions on basic economic theory, methodology, and sociopolitical theory. This book, the first comprehensive coverage of the subject, will be an indispensable addition to the history of economic thought. It is also relevant to all social sciences concerned with economic prosperity, with the nature of intellectual orthodoxy and insurgency, or with the complex relationships among ideology, concepts, and policies. Originally published in 1972. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

In this fifth edition of Basic Economics , Thomas Sowell revises and updates his popular book on common sense economics, bringing the world into clearer focus through a basic understanding of the fundamental economic principles and how they explain our lives. Drawing on lively examples from around the world and from centuries of history, Sowell explains basic economic principles for the general public in plain English. Basic Economics , which has now been translated into six languages and has additional material online, remains true to its core principle: that the fundamental facts and principles of economics do not require jargon, graphs, or equations, and can be learned in a relaxed and even enjoyable way.

Here is the gritty, powerful story of Thomas Sowell's life-long education in the school of hard knocks, as the journey took him from Harlem to the Marines, the Ivy League, and a career as a controversial writer, teacher, and economist in government and private industry. It is also the story of the dramatically changing times in which this personal odyssey took place. The vignettes of the people and places that made an impression on Thomas Sowell at various stages of his life range from the poor and powerless to the mighty and the wealthy, from a home for homeless boys to the White House, as well as ranging across the United States and around the world. It also includes Sowell's startling discovery of his own origins during his teenage years. More than a story of the life of Sowell himself, this is also about the people who gave him their help, their support, and their loyalty, as well as those who demonized him and knifed him in the back. It is a study not just of one life but also of life in general, with all its exhilaration and pain of constant striving and deserved success.

Intellectuals and Race is a radical book in the original sense of one that goes to the root of the problem. The role of intellectuals in racial strife is explored in an international context that puts the American experience in a wholly new light. The views of individual intellectuals have spanned the spectrum, but the views of intellectuals as a whole have tended to cluster. Indeed, these views have clustered at one end of the spectrum in the early twentieth century and then clustered at the opposite end of the spectrum in the late twentieth century. Moreover, these radically different views of race in these two eras were held by intellectuals whose views on other issues were very similar in both eras. Intellectuals and Race is not, however, a book about history, even though it has much historical evidence, as well as demographic, geographic, economic and statistical evidence- all of it directed toward testing the underlying assumptions about race that have prevailed at times among intellectuals in general, and especially intellectuals at the highest levels. Nor is this simply a theoretical exercise. The impact of intellectuals' ideas and crusades on the larger society, both past and present, is the ultimate concern. These ideas and crusades have ranged widely from racial theories of intelligence to eugenics to "social justice" and multiculturalism. In addition to in-depth examinations of these and other issues, Intellectuals and Race explores the incentives, the visions and the rationales that drive intellectuals at the highest levels to conclusions that have often turned out to be counterproductive and even disastrous, not only for particular racial or ethnic groups, but for societies as a whole.

First published in 1985, Thomas Sowell’s book is a crisp, lucid and commonsensical introduction to Marx’s own writings and to Marxist theory. It combines readability with intellectual rigour and distils more than a quarter of a century of Thomas Sowell’s research and thought on the philosophical and economic doctrines of Karl Marx.Its central theme is that Marxian philosophy must be understood before Marxian economics can be defined. The book discusses Marx’s ideas, including his philosophy of history, concept of capitalist "exploitation", morality and business cycle theory. The author’s treatment is balanced, though often critical and displays a mastery of Marx’s own writings which are liberally extracted throughout the text.

This essay unscrambles gross misconceptions that have made rational debates about tax policies virtually impossible for decades.

This much revised and reorganized edition of Intellectuals and Society is more than half again larger than the first edition. Four new chapters have been added on intellectuals and race, including a chapter on race and intelligence. These new chapters show the radically different views of race prevailing among the intelligentsia at the beginning of the twentieth century and at the end- and yet how each of these opposite views of race had the same dogmatic quality and the same refusal to countenance differing opinions among their contemporaries, much less engage dissenting opinions in serious debate. Moreover, each of these very different views of race produced flourishes of rhetoric and travesties of logic, leading to dire social consequences, though of very different sorts in the two eras. Other additions to this edition include a critique of John Rawls' conception or justice and a re-examination of the so-called "trickle-down theory" behind "tax cuts for the rich." There are other revisions, from the preface to the final chapter, the latter being extensively rewritten to bring together and highlight the themes of the other chapters, and to make unmistakably clear what Intellectuals and Society is, and is not, seeking to do.

These selections from the many writings of Thomas Sowell over a period of a half century cover social, economic, cultural, legal, educational, and political issues. The sources range from Dr. Sowell's letters, books, newspaper columns, and articles in both scholarly journals and popular magazines. The topics range from late-talking children to "tax cuts for the rich," baseball, race, war, the role of judges, medical care, and the rhetoric of politicians. These topics are dealt with by sometimes drawing on history, sometimes drawing on economics, and sometimes drawing on a sense of humour.

First published in 1985, Thomas Sowell’s book is a crisp, lucid and commonsensical introduction to Marx’s own writings and to Marxist theory. It combines readability with intellectual rigour and distils more than a quarter of a century of Thomas Sowell’s research and thought on the philosophical and economic doctrines of Karl Marx.Its central theme is that Marxian philosophy must be understood before Marxian economics can be defined. The book discusses Marx’s ideas, including his philosophy of history, concept of capitalist "exploitation", morality and business cycle theory. The author’s treatment is balanced, though often critical and displays a mastery of Marx’s own writings which are liberally extracted throughout the text.

Thomas Sowell "both surprises and overturns received wisdom" in this indispensable examination of widespread economic fallacies (The Economist)Economic Facts and Fallacies exposes some of the most popular fallacies about economic issues-and does so in a lively manner and without requiring any prior knowledge of economics by the reader. These include many beliefs widely disseminated in the media and by politicians, such as mistaken ideas about urban problems, income differences, male-female economic differences, as well as economics fallacies about academia, about race, and about Third World countries. One of the themes of Economic Facts and Fallacies is that fallacies are not simply crazy ideas but in fact have a certain plausibility that gives them their staying power-and makes careful examination of their flaws both necessary and important, as well as sometimes humorous. Written in the easy-to-follow style of the author's Basic Economics, this latest book is able to go into greater depth, with real world examples, on specific issues.

The fourth edition of Basic Economics is both expanded and updated. A new chapter on the history of economics itself has been added, and the implications of that history examined. Among other additions throughout the book, a new section on the special role of corporations in the economy has been added to the chapter on government and big business. Basic Economics, which has now been translated into six foreign languages, has grown so much that a large amount of material previously found in the back of the book has now been put online instead so that neither the book itself nor its price will have to expand. The central idea of Basic Economics, however, remains the same: The fundamental facts and principles of economics do not require jargon, graphs, or equations and can be learned in a relaxed and even enjoyable way.