Uday A. Bakshi

The book is written for an undergraduate course on the Feedback Control Systems. It provides comprehensive explanation of theory and practice of control system engineering. It elaborates various aspects of time domain and frequency domain analysis and design of control systems. Each chapter starts with the background of the topic. Then it gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The explanations are given using very simple and lucid language. All the chapters are arranged in a specific sequence which helps to build the understanding of the subject in a logical fashion. The book starts with explaining the various types of control systems. Then it explains how to obtain the mathematical models of various types of systems such as electrical, mechanical, thermal and liquid level systems. Then the book includes good coverage of the block diagram and signal flow graph methods of representing the various systems and the reduction methods to obtain simple system from the analysis point of view. The book further illustrates the steady state and transient analysis of control systems. The book covers the fundamental knowledge of controllers used in practice to optimize the performance of the systems. The book emphasizes the detailed analysis of second order systems as these systems are common in practice and higher order systems can be approximated as second order systems. The book teaches the concept of stability and time domain stability analysis using Routh-Hurwitz method and root locus method. It further explains the fundamentals of frequency domain analysis of the systems including co-relation between time domain and frequency domain. The book gives very simple techniques for stability analysis of the systems in the frequency domain, using Bode plot, Polar plot and Nyquist plot methods. It also explores the concepts of compensation and design of the control systems in time domain and frequency domain.The classical approach loses the importance of initial conditions in the systems. Thus, the book provides the detailed explanation of modern approach of analysis which is the state variable analysis of the systems including methods of finding the state transition matrix, solution of state equation and the concepts of controllability and observability. The variety of solved examples is the feature of this book which helps to inculcate the knowledge of the design and analysis of the control systems in the students. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The importance of measuring instruments is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of various electrical and digital measuring instruments. The book starts with explaining the classification and requirements of a measuring instrument. Then the book explains the PMMC and moving iron instruments. Extension of range of instruments using shunts and multipliers is also included in the book. The book includes detailed discussion of instrument transformers and power factor meters. The book covers the types of wattmeters, errors and compensations and two wattmeter method. The chapter on energy measurement includes discussion of energy meters, errors and compensations, calibration, phantom loading, trivector meter and Merz price maximum demand indicator. The book teaches the details of d.c. and a.c. potentiometers along with their applications. The book further explains various d.c. and a.c. bridges along with necessary derivations and phasor diagrams. It also includes the discussion of various magnetic measurements. Finally, the book includes the discussion of various digital meters such as digital voltmeters, digital multimeter, digital frequency meter and digital tachometer along with the automation in digital instruments. Each chapter gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The book covers all the aspects of theory, analysis and design of Electronic Circuits for the undergraduate course. It provides all the essential information required to understand the operation and perform the analysis and design of a wide range of electronic circuits, including MOSFET as a switching and amplifier circuits, feedback amplifiers, oscillators, voltage regulators, operational amplifiers and its applications, DAC, ADC and Phase Locked Loop. The book is divided into four parts. The first part focuses on the fundamental concepts of MOSFET, MOSFET construction, characteristics, and circuits - as a switch, as a resistor/diode, as an amplifier and current sink and source circuits.The second part focuses on the analysis of voltage-series and current-series feedback amplifiers. It also explains the Barkhausen criterion for oscillation and incorporates the detailed analysis of Wien bridge and phase-shift oscillators.The third part is dedicated to the basic of op-amp and discussion of a variety of its applications. The fourth part focuses on the V to I and I to V Converters, DAC and ADC, and Phase Locked Loop.The book uses plain and lucid language to explain each topic. The book provides the logical method of explaining the various complicated topics and stepwise methods to make understanding easy. The variety of solved examples is the feature of this book. The book explains the philosophy of the subject, which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The importance of network analysis and synthesis is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of the signals and network analysis, network functions and two port networks, network synthesis and active filter design. The book is structured to cover the key aspects of the course Network Analysis & Synthesis. The book starts with explaining the various types of signals, basic concepts of network analysis and transient analysis using classical approach. The Laplace transform plays an important role in the network analysis. The chapter on Laplace transform includes properties of Laplace transform and its application in the network analysis. The book includes the discussion of network functions of one and two port networks. The book covers the various aspects of two port network parameters along with the conditions of symmetry and reciprocity. It also derives the interrelationships between the two port network parameters. The network synthesis starts with the realizability theory including Hurwitz polynomial, properties of positive real functions, Sturm's theorem and maximum modulus theorem. The book covers the various aspects of one port network synthesis explaining the network synthesis of LC, RC, RL and RLC networks using Foster and Cauer forms. Then it explains the elements of transfer function synthesis. Finally, the book illustrates the active filter design. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The explanations are given using very simple and lucid language. All the chapters are arranged in a specific sequence which helps to build the understanding of the subject in a logical fashion. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The importance of electronic measuring instruments and transducers is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of various electronic measuring instruments, transducers, data acquisition system, oscilloscopes and measurement of physical parameters. The book starts with explaining the theory of measurement including characteristics of instruments, classification, statistical analysis and limiting errors. Then the book explains the various analog and digital instruments such as average and true rms responding voltmeters, chopper and sampling voltmeter, types of digital voltmeters, multimeter and ohmmeter. It also includes the discussion of high frequency impedance measurement. The book further explains types of signal generators and various signal analyzers such as wave analyzer, logic analyzer, distortion analyzer and power analyzer. The book teaches various d.c. and a.c. bridges along with necessary derivations and phasor diagrams. The book incorporates the discussion of various types of conventional and special purpose oscilloscopes. The book includes the discussion of time and frequency measurement and types of recorders.The chapter on transducers is dedicated to the detailed discussion of various types of transducers. The book also includes the measurement of various physical parameters such as flow, displacement, velocity, force, pressure and torque. Finally, it incorporates the discussion of data acquisition system. Each chapter gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The book is written for an undergraduate course on the Signals and Systems. It provides comprehensive explanation of continuous time signals and systems, analogous systems, Fourier transform, Laplace transform, state variable analysis and z-transform analysis of systems. The book starts with the various types of signals and operations on signals. It explains the classification of continuous time signals and systems. Then it includes the discussion of analogous systems. The book provides detailed discussion of Fourier transform representation, properties of Fourier transform and its applications to network analysis. The book also covers the Laplace transform, its properties and network analysis using Laplace transform with and without initial conditions. The book provides the detailed explanation of modern approach of system analysis called the state variable analysis. It includes various methods of state space representation of systems, finding the state transition matrix and solution of state equation. The discussion of network topology is also included in the book. The chapter on z-transform includes the properties of ROC, properties of z-transform, inverse z-transform, z-transform analysis of LTI systems and pulse transfer function. The state space representation of discrete systems is also incorporated in the book.The book uses plain, simple and lucid language to explain each topic. The book provides the logical method of explaining the various complicated topics and stepwise methods to make the understanding easy. The variety of solved examples is the feature of this book. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The book is written for an undergraduate course on the Network Synthesis and Filter Design. It provides comprehensive explanation of theory and practice of techniques of network synthesis and passive and active filter design. The book starts with explaining the various types of network functions, all pass functions, minimum phase functions, delay functions and ladder network. The chapter on fundamentals of network synthesis includes Hurwitz polynomial, properties of positive real functions and Sturm's theorem. The book covers the various aspects of one port network synthesis explaining the network synthesis of LC, RC, RL and RLC networks using Foster and Cauer forms. The book also includes the synthesis of transfer functions. The chapter on passive filter design includes the discussion of various filter approximations, magnitude and frequency normalization and frequency transformation. It continues to explain the active filter design and active filter synthesis. It incorporates the discussion of negative impedance converter, gyrator and frequency dependent negative resistance. Finally, the book discusses the sensitivity function, factors affecting gain sensitivity and effects of op-amp parameters on the performance of active filters. Each chapter starts with the background of the topic. Then it gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The explanations are given using very simple and lucid language. All the chapters are arranged in a specific sequence which helps to build the understanding of the subject in a logical fashion. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The book is written for an undergraduate course on the Modern Control Systems. It provides comprehensive explanation of state variable analysis of linear control systems and analysis of nonlinear control systems. Each chapter starts with the background of the topic. Then it gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting. The book starts with explaining the concept of state variable and state model of linear control systems. Then it explains how to obtain the state models of various types of systems using phase variables, canonical variables, Jordan's canonical form and cascade programming. Then the book includes good coverage of the matrix algebra including eigen values, eigen vectors, modal matrix and diagonalization. It also includes the derivation of transfer function of the system from its state model. The book further explains the solution of state equations including the concept of state transition matrix. It also includes the various methods of obtaining the state transition matrix such as Laplace transform method, Power series method, Cayley Hamilton method and Similarity transformation method. It further includes the detailed discussion of controllability and observability of systems. It also provides the discussion of pole placement technique of system design. The book teaches various types of nonlinearities and the nonlinear systems. The book covers the fundamental knowledge of analysis of nonlinear systems using phase plane method, isocline method and delta method. Finally, it explains stability analysis of nonlinear systems and Liapunov's stability analysis.

The importance of Electrical Circuit Analysis is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of mesh and node analysis, various network theorems, analysis of first and second order networks using time and Laplace domain, steady state analysis of a.c. circuits, coupled circuits and dot conventions, network functions, resonance and two port network parameters. The book starts with explaining the network simplification techniques including mesh analysis, node analysis and source shifting. Then the book explains the various network theorems and concept of duality. The book also covers the solution of first and second order networks in time domain. The sinusoidal steady state analysis of electrical circuits is also explained in the book. The book incorporates the discussion of coupled circuits and dot conventions. The Laplace transform plays an important role in the network analysis. The chapter on Laplace transform includes properties of Laplace transform and its application in the network analysis. The book includes the discussion of network functions of one and two port networks. The book incorporates the detailed discussion of resonant circuits. The book covers the various aspects of two port network parameters along with the conditions of symmetry and reciprocity. It also derives the interrelationships between the two port network parameters. The book uses plain and lucid language to explain each topic. Each chapter gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. The book provides the logical method of explaining the various complicated topics and stepwise methods to make the understanding easy. The variety of solved examples is the feature of this book. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the subject very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The book covers all the aspects of Electrical Technology for undergraduate course. Various concepts of electrical engineering like power and energy measurement, tariff and power factor improvement, illumination, single phase and three phase transformers, single phase and three phase induction motors, alternators, d.c. machines, special purpose motors and solid state speed control of d.c. and a.c. drives are explained in the book with the help of comprehensive approach. The book starts with review of basic concepts of electrical engineering. Then it explains electrical power measurement methods and electrical energy measurement methods. The book also explains types of tariffs and power factor improvement methods. It includes all the details of illumination schemes. The book further explains single phase and three phase transformers. Then book provides the detailed discussion of three phase and single phase induction motors, d.c. generators and motors and synchronous generators. The discussion of special purpose motors such as servomotors, stepper motors and universal motor is also provided in support. Finally, the book incorporates the discussion of various power devices such as power diodes, SCR, DIAC, Triac, IGBT, Power MOSFETs and then continues to discuss the solid state speed control methods for d.c. and a.c. electrical drives. The book uses plain, simple and lucid language to explain each topic. The book provides the logical method of explaining the various complicated topics and stepwise methods to make the understanding easy. The variety of solved examples is the feature of this book. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The importance of measuring instruments and transducers is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of various electrical and electronic measuring instruments, transducers, data acquisition system, storage and display devices . The book starts with explaining the theory of measurement including characteristics of instruments, classification, standards, statistical analysis and limiting errors. Then the book explains the various electrical and electronic instruments such as PMMC, moving iron, electrodynamometer type, energy meter, wattmeter, digital voltmeters and multimeters. It also includes the discussion of various magnetic measurements, instrument transformers, power factor meters, frequency meters, phase meters and synchros. The book further explains d.c. and a.c. potentiometers and their applications.The book teaches various d.c. and a.c. bridges along with necessary derivations and phasor diagrams. The book incorporates the various storage and display devices such as, recorders. plotters, printers, oscilloscopes, LED, LCDs and dot matrix displays. The chapter on transducers is dedicated to the detailed discussion of various types of transducers such as resistive, capacitive, strain gauges, RTD, thermistors, inductive, LVDT, thermocouples, piezoelectric, photoelectric and digital transducers. It also adds the discussion of optical fiber sensors. The book also includes good coverage of data acquisition system, data loggers, DACs and ADCs. Each chapter starts with the background of the topic. Then it gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The importance of electric motors is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of the various types of electric motors including d.c. motors, three phase and single phase induction motors, synchronous motors, universal motor, a.c. servomotor, linear induction motor and stepper motors. The book covers all the details of d.c. motors including torque equation, back e.m.f., characteristics, types of starters, speed control methods and applications. The book also covers the various testing methods of d.c. motors such as Swinburne's test, brake test, retardation test, field test and Hopkinson's test. The book further explains the three phase induction motors in detail. It includes the production of rotating magnetic field, construction, working, effect of slip, torque equation, torque ratios, torque-slip characteristics, losses, power flow, equivalent circuit, effect of harmonics on the performance, circle diagram and applications. This chapter also includes the discussion of induction generator. The book teaches the various starting methods and speed control methods of three phase induction motors. The book incorporates the explanation of various single phase induction motors. The chapter on synchronous motor provides the detailed discussion of construction, working principle, behavior on load, analysis of phasor diagram, Vee and Inverted Vee curves, hunting, synchronous condenser and applications. The book also teaches the various special machines such as single phase commutator motors, universal motor, a.c. servomotor, linear induction motor and stepper motors. The book uses plain, lucid language to explain each topic. The book provides the logical method of explaining the various complicated topics and stepwise methods to make the understanding easy. Each chapter is well supported with necessary illustrations, self explanatory diagrams and variety of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The importance of various electrical machines is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of the synchronous generators (alternators), synchronous motors, three phase and single phase induction motors and various special machines. The book is structured to cover the key aspects of the course Electrical Machines - II. The book starts with the explanation of basics of synchronous generators including construction, winding details and e.m.f. equation. The book then explains the concept of armature reaction, phasor diagrams, regulation and various methods of finding the regulation of alternator. Stepwise explanation and simple techniques used to elaborate these methods is the feature of this book. The book further explains the concept of synchronization of alternators, two reaction theory and parallel operation of alternators. The chapter on synchronous motor provides the detailed discussion of construction, working principle, behavior on load, analysis of phasor diagram, Vee and Inverted Vee curves, hunting and applications. The book further explains the three phase induction motors in detail. It includes the construction, working, effect of slip, torque equation, torque ratios, torque-slip characteristics, losses, power flow, equivalent circuit, effect of harmonics on the performance and applications. This chapter includes the discussion of induction generator and synchronous induction motor. The detailed discussion of circle diagram is also included in the book. The book teaches the various starting methods, speed control methods and electrical braking methods of three phase induction motors. Finally, the book gives the explanation of various single phase induction motors and special machines such as reluctance motor, hysteresis motor, repulsion motor, servomotors and stepper motors. The discussion of magnetic levitation is also incorporated in the book. The book uses plain, lucid language to explain each topic. The book provides the logical method of explaining the various complicated topics and stepwise methods to make the understanding easy. Each chapter is well supported with necessary illustrations, self explanatory diagrams and variety of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The book covers all the aspects of Transmission and Distribution for undergraduate course. The various aspects of transmission and distribution systems, FACTS, sag calculations, parameters and performance of transmission lines, insulators, cables, substations and grounding systems are explained in the book with the help of comprehensive approach. The book starts with the discussion of basics of power system. It includes comparison of material required for overhead and underground systems. Various types of d.c. and a.c. distribution systems, EHVAC, HVDC and FACTS devices is also included in the book. The book explains the sag calculation under different conditions and sag template. In depth analysis of transmission line parameters is also included in the book. The book also covers the performance analysis of short, medium and long transmission lines along with circle diagram and methods of voltage control. The details of corona effect are explained in support. The book incorporates the discussion of types of insulators, string efficiency, methods of improving string efficiency, single and three core cables, grading of cables, heating and testing of cables. The chapter on substations includes the explanation of various types of substations, substation equipment's and key diagrams. The book also covers the various types of grounding systems, grounding grids and resistance of grounding systems. The book uses plain and lucid language to explain each topic. The book provides the logical method of explaining the various complicated topics and stepwise methods to make the understanding easy. Each chapter is well supported with necessary illustrations, self-explanatory diagrams and large number of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.

The importance of measuring instruments is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of various electrical, electronic and digital instruments, instrument transformers, measurement of power and energy, d.c. and a.c. bridges and oscilloscopes. The book starts with explaining the classification and requirements of a measuring instrument. Then the book explains the PMMC, moving iron and electrodynamometer type instruments. Extension of range of instruments using shunts and multipliers is also included in the book. The book includes detailed discussion of instrument transformers and power factor meters. The book covers the types of wattmeters, errors and compensations. The chapter on energy measurement includes discussion of single and three phase energy meters, errors and compensations.The book teaches the details of d.c and a.c. potentiometers along with their applications. The book further explains various d.c. and a.c. bridges along with necessary derivations and phasor diagrams. It also includes the discussion of various magnetic measurements. The book incorporates the discussion of oscilloscopes. It also explains the various oscilloscope measurements and Lissajous figures. Finally, the book includes the discussion of various digital meters such as digital voltmeters, digital multimeter, digital frequency meter and digital tachometer along with the automation in digital instruments. Each chapter starts gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.