Viola Vogel

Religion sei dem Untergang geweiht, postulierten Marx und Engels. Denn in der klassenlosen Gesellschaft, so eine ihrer Kernthesen, würden Staat, Religion und Recht mangels weiterer Notwendigkeit "absterben". Für die Religionsgemeinschaften und ihre Gläubigen auf der östlichen Seite des "eisernen Vorhangs" wurde diese These Lebenswirklichkeit. Aus welchen ideengeschichtlichen Quellen speisten sich die Repressionen der sozialistischen Regime und ihr Kampf gegen die Religionsgemeinschaften? Konnten Letztere den Regierenden im Sozialismus dennoch eigenhändige Gestaltungsspielräume abtrotzen? Und wenn ja, welchen politischen, nationalgeschichtlichen und religionssoziologischen Faktoren war das geschuldet? Und schließlich: War hierfür die innerkirchliche Verfasstheit der jeweiligen Religionsgemeinschaft relevant? Viola Vogel rekonstruiert die Religions- und Gesellschaftskritik von Karl Marx und die religionspolitischen Revisionen Lenins und Stalins. Sie untersucht das marxistisch-leninistische Staats- und Rechtsverständnis und seine Wechselwirkungen mit dem sozialistischen Religionsrecht anhand der religionspolitischen Praxis in der DDR am Beispiel der evangelischen Landeskirchen, in der Volksrepublik Polen am Beispiel der katholischen Kirche.

Since nanotechnology is considered a key for the 21st century, its promises have been assessed by various scientific communities. By meeting at the nanoscale, various disciplines, from physics via chemistry to biology, from engineering to medicine, contribute synergetically to the newly created knowledge base and the resulting technological advances. Considering that large societal sectors will be impacted, the unique aspect of this two-year study was to assess nanotechnology from various interrelated perspectives: scientific progress, industrial relevance, economic potential, educational needs, potential adverse health effects, and philosophical aspects. The goal of this study was to derive integrated recommendations which consider the large range of societal implications reflecting the different views in an integrative manner. The study attempts to link previously isolated statements, bundling the various concepts and giving unified recommendations to decision makers in relevant society sectors such as politics, economy and research. Special attention was given to the European situation with respect to commercial consequences, an aspect that has not yet received the attention it deserves so far.

Since nanotechnology is considered a key for the 21st century, its promises have been assessed by various scientific communities. By meeting at the nanoscale, various disciplines, from physics via chemistry to biology, from engineering to medicine, contribute synergetically to the newly created knowledge base and the resulting technological advances. Considering that large societal sectors will be impacted, the unique aspect of this two-year study was to assess nanotechnology from various interrelated perspectives: scientific progress, industrial relevance, economic potential, educational needs, potential adverse health effects, and philosophical aspects. The goal of this study was to derive integrated recommendations which consider the large range of societal implications reflecting the different views in an integrative manner. The study attempts to link previously isolated statements, bundling the various concepts and giving unified recommendations to decision makers in relevant society sectors such as politics, economy and research. Special attention was given to the European situation with respect to commercial consequences, an aspect that has not yet received the attention it deserves so far.