Wei Gao

In this book, we mainly present the recent advance in discrete mathematics. Binding number condition for fractional (g, f, n', m)-critical covered graph and fractional (g, f, n', m)-critical uniform graph are given, characteristics analysis of dendrimers is presented by topological index computing, distance-based indices and polynomials for armchair polyhex nanotubes and nanotori are determined. Furthermore, we study the reverse eccentric connectivity index of haphthylenic lat

This book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive institutional analysis of online dispute resolution (ODR), with a focus on the developments in China as well as their doctrinal and practical implications globally.In the book, a wide range of ODR mechanisms, including online arbitration, online litigation, online mediation, crowdsourced ODR, and blockchain escrow services and more, are thoroughly examined and compared through an original analytical framework that highlights the evolutionary trajectories of dispute resolution in the digital era. The author leverages several empirical studies and her experience working with the Supreme People’s Court on formulating the rules for online courts. She presents an insightful, panoramic overview of ODR practices across Chinese courts, arbitration commissions, and online businesses, including detailed case studies and critical analyses of major digital platforms such as Taobao and the internet courts, which informs not only a new conception of justice adapted to the internet society but also different developmental paths for both established and emerging methods of ODR.This book will appeal to scholars, practitioners and policymakers with an interest in online dispute resolution, online courts, law and technology, as well as digital platforms and the internet economy.

As an efficient 3D vision solution, point clouds have been widely applied into diverse engineering scenarios, including immersive media communication, autonomous driving, reverse engineering, robots, topography mapping, digital twin city, medical analysis, digital museum, etc. Thanks to the great developments of deep learning theories and methods, 3D point cloud technologies have undergone fast growth during the past few years, including diverse processing and understanding tasks. Human and machine perception can be benefited from the success of using deep learning approaches, which can significantly improve 3D perception modeling and optimization, as well as 3D pre-trained and large models. This book delves into these research frontiers of deep learning-based point cloud technologies. The subject of this book focuses on diverse intelligent processing technologies for the fast-growing 3D point cloud applications, especially using deep learning-based approaches. The deep learning-based enhancement and analysis methods are elaborated in detail, as well as the pre-trained and large models with 3D point clouds. This book carefully presents and discusses the newest progresses in the field of deep learning-based point cloud technologies, including basic concepts, fundamental background knowledge, enhancement, analysis, 3D pre-trained and large models, multi-modal learning, open source projects, engineering applications, and future prospects. Readers can systematically learn the knowledge and the latest developments in the field of deep learning-based point cloud technologies. This book provides vivid illustrations and examples, and the intelligent processing methods for 3D point clouds. Readers can be equipped with an in-depth understanding of the latest advancements of this rapidly developing research field.

Based on the fieldwork carried out at two elementary schools, Merits School and Pioneer School, in northeastern China, the monograph details how local schools enacted the New Mathematics Curriculum Reform that was launched in early 2000.The trajectory of the reform implementation at each school was plotted out. Both schools resorted to a long-standing quality control mechanism, i.e., teaching norms, to operationalize the reform ideas. The mechanism functioned by placing teachers under measurable supervision and evaluation aligned with the reform. The schools responded to the reform following school people’s raising practical concerns, as well as the established school culture. Merits School arrived at a "two-faced strategy" to cope with the reform. Pioneer School managed to maintain a balance between promoting reform pedagogy and maintaining good test rankings. Both schools marginally involved parents in the implementation of the reform. This study suggests that to achieve success, reformers need to place equal emphasis on the transformation of teachers as well as local policymakers.This book enriches the existing literature on the implementation of mathematics curriculum reform at the school level and brings insights into the schools’ implementation decisions, which will appeal to policymakers, curriculum researchers and administrators.

This book provides readers the fundamentals of optical metrology for precision engineering. The next-generation measurement technologies based on ultrashort pulse laser and optical frequency comb are also presented, making it an essential reference book for various engineering fields.• Introduces fundamental theories and techniques• Combines theories with practical applications• Presents technologies in an easy-to-understand way

Based on the fieldwork carried out at two elementary schools, Merits School and Pioneer School, in northeastern China, the monograph details how local schools enacted the New Mathematics Curriculum Reform that was launched in early 2000.The trajectory of the reform implementation at each school was plotted out. Both schools resorted to a long-standing quality control mechanism, i.e., teaching norms, to operationalize the reform ideas. The mechanism functioned by placing teachers under measurable supervision and evaluation aligned with the reform. The schools responded to the reform following school people’s raising practical concerns, as well as the established school culture. Merits School arrived at a "two-faced strategy" to cope with the reform. Pioneer School managed to maintain a balance between promoting reform pedagogy and maintaining good test rankings. Both schools marginally involved parents in the implementation of the reform. This study suggests that to achieve success, reformers need to place equal emphasis on the transformation of teachers as well as local policymakers.This book enriches the existing literature on the implementation of mathematics curriculum reform at the school level and brings insights into the schools’ implementation decisions, which will appeal to policymakers, curriculum researchers and administrators.

Surface Metrology for Micro- and Nanofabrication presents state-of-the-art measurement technologies for surface metrology in fabrication of micro- and nanodevices or components. This includes the newest general-purpose scanning probe microscopes, and both contact and non-contact surface profilers. In addition, the book outlines characterization and calibration techniques, as well as in-situ, on-machine, and in-process measurements for micro- and nanofabrication.

In this book, we mainly present the recent advance in graph theory and machine learning. The whole contexts can be divided into ten parts, and each part equals an unpublished manuscript. Some recent contributions in the field of chemical graph theory, coloring theory, machine learning are presented. These results have greatly enriched the content of the discipline and have a positive guiding significance in the field of engineering applications.

In recent years, graph theory and algorithms have received extensive attention from scholars of various disciplines. In the field of theoretical chemistry, atoms can be represented by vertices, and chemical bonds between atoms are represented by edges, so that the entire molecular structure is represented by a graph. Some basic properties of the compound are obtained by analysis of graph theory. This book gives some of the latest research results in graph theory and computer science.

This book introduces key modulation and predistortion techniques for approaching power and spectrum-efficient transmission for wireless communication systems. The book presents a combination of theoretical principles, practical implementations, and actual tests. It focuses on power and spectrally efficient modulation and transmission techniques in the portable wireless communication systems, and introduces currently developed and designed RF transceivers in the latest wireless markets. Most materials, design examples, and design strategies used are based on the author’s two decades of work in the digital communication fields, especially in the areas of the digital modulations, demodulations, digital signal processing, and linearization of power amplifiers. The applications of these practical products and equipment cover the satellite communications on earth station systems, microwave communication systems, 2G GSM and 3G WCDMA mobile communication systems, and 802.11 WLAN systems.>

This book introduces key modulation and predistortion techniques for approaching power and spectrum-efficient transmission for wireless communication systems. The book presents a combination of theoretical principles, practical implementations, and actual tests. It focuses on power and spectrally efficient modulation and transmission techniques in the portable wireless communication systems, and introduces currently developed and designed RF transceivers in the latest wireless markets. Most materials, design examples, and design strategies used are based on the author’s two decades of work in the digital communication fields, especially in the areas of the digital modulations, demodulations, digital signal processing, and linearization of power amplifiers. The applications of these practical products and equipment cover the satellite communications on earth station systems, microwave communication systems, 2G GSM and 3G WCDMA mobile communication systems, and 802.11 WLAN systems.>

Precision Nanometrology describes the new field of precision nanometrology, which plays an important part in nanoscale manufacturing of semiconductors, optical elements, precision parts and similar items. It pays particular attention to the measurement of surface forms of precision workpieces and to stage motions of precision machines. The first half of the book is dedicated to the description of optical sensors for the measurement of angle and displacement, which are fundamental quantities for precision nanometrology. The second half presents a number of scanning-type measuring systems for surface forms and stage motions. The systems discussed include: • error separation algorithms and systems for measurement of straightness and roundness, • the measurement of micro-aspherics, • systems based on scanning probe microscopy, and • scanning image-sensor systems. Precision Nanometrology presents the fundamental and practical technologies of precision nanometrology with a helpful selection of algorithms, instruments and experimental data. It will be beneficial for researchers, engineers and postgraduate students involved in precision engineering, nanotechnology and manufacturing.