Yachen Tang

The electrical distribution system has undergone significant transformations, which have had a profound impact on distribution system development and expansion. These changes have been primarily driven by changing load profiles, distributed generation sources, and increasingly extreme weather events. Advancements in sensor and communication technologies have played a pivotal role in addressing and adapting to these changes. These changes have also led to an increased focus on reliability and resilience in planning, with priority placed on ensuring robust grid connectivity and flexibility.Three decades ago, power distribution systems were primarily radial with unidirectional power flow. Today’s electrical distribution systems have distributed energy resources, leading to bidirectional power flow. The utility’s geographic information system network, advanced metering infrastructure, and other technologies are leveraged to allow feeders and distributed energy resources to be interconnected. This has facilitated the integration of the electric grid with networked microgrids, which has improved the overall resilience and efficiency of the distribution system.While there have been notable improvements in grid planning, the power grid remains vulnerable to high-impact, low-frequency events caused by climate change, such as hurricanes and tornadoes. This book outlines potential solutions for addressing future electric grid issues, including transformer overloading due to electric vehicles, optimization challenges, advanced feeder reconfiguration, and contingency planning for extreme events. The proposed approach focuses on the implementation and operation of new technologies, such as renewable energy sources, batteries, flexible loads, and advanced sensors, that have the potential to transform distribution network planning and operation. From traditional methods to innovative networked microgrids within existing infrastructure and non-wire alternative strategies, this book provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art strategies for future problems.

Reducing power outage time to each customer is essential to the overall distribution reliability. This book provides the fundamentals of emergency operation using a graph-theoretic approach and exploration of the subsystem(s) that address the operational aspects of electrical fault occurrence to determine possible feeder reconfiguration. The localization of a faulted segment within a feeder involves remote-controlled normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) switches through supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) between radially energized, interconnected feeders. Topics cover: (1) Data extraction from geographic information systems (GIS), (2) Graph modeling of distribution feeders, (3) Programming for backward/forward sweeping unbalanced power flow, (4) Short circuit analysis and fault localization, (5) Fault isolation, temporary and full service restoration, (6) Outage management and crew coordination, (7) Trouble call tickets and escalation to search for fault, and (8) Emerging subject of distribution management systems (DMS). FEATURES•Novel and practical textbook that will help to understand distribution operation in graph theory•Show how to convert GIS coordinate datasets to graph and how to troubleshoot the geometry errors•Explain how to troubleshoot power flow divergence due to the bad metering datasets and allocation factor (AF) for each load within primary and secondary networks•Similar platform as DMS environment, but the graduate students have their hands-on experience to implement the applications in the MATLAB environment•Detailed modeling in graph theory of distribution feeders and possible reconfiguration to locate power outage

Reducing power outage time to each customer is essential to the overall distribution reliability. This book provides the fundamentals of emergency operation using a graph-theoretic approach and exploration of the subsystem(s) that address the operational aspects of electrical fault occurrence to determine possible feeder reconfiguration. The localization of a faulted segment within a feeder involves remote-controlled normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) switches through supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) between radially energized, interconnected feeders. Topics cover: (1) Data extraction from geographic information systems (GIS), (2) Graph modeling of distribution feeders, (3) Programming for backward/forward sweeping unbalanced power flow, (4) Short circuit analysis and fault localization, (5) Fault isolation, temporary and full service restoration, (6) Outage management and crew coordination, (7) Trouble call tickets and escalation to search for fault, and (8) Emerging subject of distribution management systems (DMS). FEATURES•Novel and practical textbook that will help to understand distribution operation in graph theory•Show how to convert GIS coordinate datasets to graph and how to troubleshoot the geometry errors•Explain how to troubleshoot power flow divergence due to the bad metering datasets and allocation factor (AF) for each load within primary and secondary networks•Similar platform as DMS environment, but the graduate students have their hands-on experience to implement the applications in the MATLAB environment•Detailed modeling in graph theory of distribution feeders and possible reconfiguration to locate power outage