Yu Zhang

This book reviews the history of the development of mobile communication technology and the challenges faced by 4G communication networks. It introduces the vision and requirements, standardization and performance requirements of 5G, as well as the wireless, network and supporting technologies needed to meet the performance requirements of 5G. The book analyzes the frequency spectrum of 5G and the security requirements of the 5G network, and discusses the problems relating to the planning and deployment of 5G networks. It also analyzes the transformation of the business through the structure, key technologies and implementation cases of 5G based on the author's solid theoretical foundation and abundant practical experience in long-term engagement in large-scale engineering projects.This book can serve as a reference for persons specializing in technical research or standard setting for mobile communication networks or in the research and development of related products and businesses, such as future network planners, designers and network constructors. It may also be used for university courses on mobile communications.

本文以明代景德鎮生產青花瓷器上的嬰戲圖和仕女圖人物紋飾為研究對象， 並把人物紋飾分成八個主題類別， 衡量嬰戲圖、仕女圖這兩種主題紋飾在整個明代人物紋飾故事類別中的所占比重。發現仕女圖、嬰戲圖最常見， 雲紋、晴竹紋 是與人物紋飾常伴的輔助紋飾， 梳理各自發展的不同脈絡。並在闡述嬰戲圖、仕女圖主題紋飾結合的過程中， 指出仕女嬰戲圖中女子與孩童在畫面上的有距離逐漸拉近的趨勢。可以看出， 這些是人們意願的一種達成。留白技術的應用更符合藝術心理的視覺享受。明中期是兩種主題紋飾的發展的高峰時期， 官窯瓷畫生產的波折卻給民窯瓷畫的發展帶來了機遇。嬰戲內容的增加， "仕女"也開始走出庭園， 一些常見的圖案已經模式化， 得到延續。中期部分繼承了早期的畫院之風， 孩童戲的更有文化， 仕女美得有詩意， 兩者結合其實已成定局。尚不能確認明中期成化仕女瓷畫多寡與萬貴妃有著直接關係。明晚期， 民窯產能的提升。瓷畫繼續受到其他戲劇、傳奇等藝術形式影響， 人物紋飾故事類別豐富， 戲童與仕女紛紛走進人物故事類別中去， 又詩又畫， 蘊意十足， 好不熱鬧。如此一來， 抱琵琶的女子並非都可以解釋為昭君出塞， 另有劇情。元代後期景德鎮熱衷於繪製帶有人物故事青花瓷器， 而明早期瓷畫卻不見這些故事的痕跡。洪武一朝人物紋飾幾乎銷聲匿跡， 最主要的原因並非是青料與技術的限制， 而是關於人物紋飾繪畫的"洪武禁制"。永樂宣德時期總體上堅持"禁制"的同時， 也開啟了明早期畫院人物瓷畫的風格。"禁制"仍嚴， 器物量少， 但多是精品。諸如戲童"傳臚"、鬥草、戲蝶遊戲等生活化場景圖案， 仕女"惜花"、"愛月"、"掬水"、"弄花"、焚香拜月等圖案常被明中晚期民窯仿製。至於宣德時期瓷畫"女多男少"的論述， 只能作為現狀描述， 並不能作為宣德時期人物紋飾推斷結論。明代青花瓷器仕女圖與嬰戲圖， 丫頭俏， 小姐嬌， 戲童萌， 書童憨。人物瓷畫數不勝數， 筆者所及畢竟有限， 僅闡釋了明代青花人物瓷畫的一個方面， 並非歷史全貌。由衷希望， 自身學識的提高， 材料更為充足， 借應用統計學、藝術心 理學等方法作進一步研究。 This paper mainly figures on the character pattern of blue and white porcelain by Jingdezhen kiln in Ming Dynasty. It is necessary to take children-playing pattern and Ladies picture respectively development process as the main line through the unified classification of character pattern. In addition, it is worth analyzing of the meaning of their general features and different themes decoration in Ming Dynasty of each stage of development. Based on these evidences, it will take measure of the proportion of the two themes throughout the Ming Dynasty characters in the story category, and make Interpretation on children-playing pattern and Ladies picture of blue and white porcelain in which they reflect the cultural connotation and artistic effect in Ming Dynasty. There are five parts. The introduction part briefly introduce the reason of this topic, the research scope, and the research content of this thesis. The first chapter introduce the discoveries of character story decoration of blue and white porcelain by Jingdezhen kiln in Ming Dynasty and make a review on previous studies. The second chapter and the third chapter analyze the meaning of their general features and different themes decoration in Ming Dynasty of each stage of development. As for description of the status, it must be taken measure of the proportion of the two themes throughout the Ming Dynasty characters in the story category. Identify with the theme decoration often ac

This is an open access book. It is valuable in gaining an understanding of the working mechanism of pulsed plasma thrusters. It facilitates the evaluation of the thruster's working characteristics and propulsive performance, thereby providing a crucial theoretical foundation and reference for the design, development, and engineering application of pulsed plasma thrusters. Additionally, this book significantly contributes to the advancement of space electric propulsion technology. Researchers and engineers in the aerospace propulsion field can greatly benefit from the insights presented within this book.

This book provides readers with the latest research on the affective aspect of online interactions between doctors and e-patients in the context of China from a poststructuralist discourse analysis perspective. At the heart of this book is the presentation of four chapters which address (1) indirect negative emotional acts by e-patients and empathic acts by doctors (constituting “affective practice”), (2) the interactional discursive features involved in the affective practice, (3) discursive positions of e-patients and doctors within the affective practice context, and (4) power relations that are reflected in the positionings. This book sheds light on the importance of examining the affective facet of medical consultation, when it comes to identifying non-traditional positions and power relations in doctor-patient communication. It also provides the implication that e-healthcare platforms, especially those with an e-commercialized model for healthcare services, have potential to produce a type of neo-liberal discourse—the e-commercialized medical consultation discourse—in which patients and caregivers, who are acknowledged as the less powerful group in the traditional healthcare activities, are empowered and privileged.

This book provides readers with the latest research on the affective aspect of online interactions between doctors and e-patients in the context of China from a poststructuralist discourse analysis perspective. At the heart of this book is the presentation of four chapters which address (1) indirect negative emotional acts by e-patients and empathic acts by doctors (constituting “affective practice”), (2) the interactional discursive features involved in the affective practice, (3) discursive positions of e-patients and doctors within the affective practice context, and (4) power relations that are reflected in the positionings. This book sheds light on the importance of examining the affective facet of medical consultation, when it comes to identifying non-traditional positions and power relations in doctor-patient communication. It also provides the implication that e-healthcare platforms, especially those with an e-commercialized model for healthcare services, have potential to produce a type of neo-liberal discourse—the e-commercialized medical consultation discourse—in which patients and caregivers, who are acknowledged as the less powerful group in the traditional healthcare activities, are empowered and privileged.

La modellazione matematica del bacino di Cheboksary utilizzando un modello numerico unidimensionale combinato con la tecnologia GIS stata utilizzata per risolvere i seguenti problemi pratici: previsione dei livelli d'acqua durante il passaggio dell'onda di sfondamento e allo stesso tempo i confini delle zone di inondazione degli insediamenti; analisi della situazione nel corpo idrico alla progettazione e al funzionamento delle strutture idrauliche; sviluppo di misure per eliminare le emergenze; conservazione delle risorse idriche dall'esaurimento e protezione ambientale.Nella calibrazione abbiamo usato i dati misurati nelle stazioni idrologiche per il periodo 2001-2012. Il modello costruito e calibrato stato usato per analizzare le zone di inondazione come risultato della rottura della diga in diverse centrali nucleari nell'idroscalo di Cheboksary. Valore pratico del lavoro: la ricerca ottenuta dell'uso congiunto delle tecnologie GIS e del software idrodinamico computazionale permette di migliorare i metodi di modellazione di simulazione dei mezzi regolati.

La mod lisation math matique du r servoir de Cheboksary l'aide d'un mod le num rique unidimensionnel combin la technologie GIS a t utilis e pour r soudre les probl mes pratiques suivants: pr diction des niveaux d'eau pendant le passage de l'onde de rupture et en m me temps les limites des zones d'inondation des tablissements; analyse de la situation dans la masse d'eau lors de la conception et du fonctionnement des structures hydrauliques; d veloppement de mesures pour liminer les urgences; conservation des ressources en eau de l' puisement et protection de l'environnement.Pour la calibration, nous avons utilis les donn es mesur es dans les stations hydrologiques pour la p riode 2001-2012. Le mod le construit et calibr a t utilis pour analyser les zones d'inondation suite une rupture de barrage dans diff rentes centrales nucl aires de l'hydrosch ma de Cheboksary. Valeur pratique du travail: les recherches obtenues sur l'utilisation conjointe des technologies SIG et des logiciels de calcul hydrodynamique permettent d'am liorer les m thodes de mod lisation par simulation des moyens r glement s.

Die mathematische Modellierung des Tscheboksary-Stausees mit Hilfe eines eindimensionalen numerischen Modells in Verbindung mit der GIS-Technologie wurde zur L sung folgender praktischer Probleme eingesetzt: Vorhersage der Wasserst nde beim Durchgang der Durchbruchswelle und gleichzeitig der Grenzen der berschwemmungsgebiete von Siedlungen; Analyse der Situation im Wasserk rper bei der Planung und dem Betrieb von Wasserbauwerken; Entwicklung von Ma nahmen zur Beseitigung von Notf llen; Schutz der Wasserressourcen vor Ersch pfung und Umweltschutz.F r die Kalibrierung wurden die Messdaten der hydrologischen Stationen aus dem Zeitraum 2001-2012 verwendet. Das konstruierte und kalibrierte Modell wurde zur Analyse von berschwemmungsgebieten infolge von Dammbr chen an verschiedenen KKWs im Tscheboksary-Hydroschema verwendet. Praktischer Wert der Arbeit: Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse aus der gemeinsamen Nutzung von GIS-Technologien und hydrodynamischer Berechnungssoftware erm glichen eine Verbesserung der Methoden zur Simulationsmodellierung von regulierten Mitteln.

Mathematical modeling of the Cheboksary reservoir using one-dimensional numerical model combined with GIS-technology was used to solve the following practical problems: prediction of water levels during the breakthrough wave passage and at the same time the boundaries of flood zones of settlements; analysis of the situation in the water body at the design and operation of hydraulic structures; development of measures to eliminate emergencies; conservation of water resources from exhaustion and environmental protection.In the calibration, measurements at the hydrological stations for 2001-2012 were used. Using the constructed and calibrated model the analysis of inundation zones as a result of dam break at different NPP at Cheboksary hydroscheme was carried out. Practical value of the work: the obtained research of joint use of GIS technologies and computational hydrodynamic programs allows improving methods of simulation modeling of regulated means.

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, modern Chinese intellectuals, reformers, revolutionaries, leftist journalists, and idealistic youth had often crossed the increasing gap between the city and the countryside, which made the act of “going to the countryside” a distinctively modern experience and a continuous practice in China. Such a spatial crossing eventually culminated in the socialist state program of “down to the villages” movements during the 1960s and 1970s. What, then, was the special significance of “going to the countryside” before that era? Going to the Countryside deals with the cultural representations and practices of this practice between 1915 and 1965, focusing on individual homecoming, rural reconstruction, revolutionary journeys to Yan’an, the revolutionary “going down to the people” as well as going to the frontiers and rural hometowns for socialist construction. As part of the larger discourses of enlightenment, revolution, and socialist industrialization, “going to the countryside” entailed new ways of looking at the world and ordinary people, brought about new experiences of space and time, initiated new means of human communication and interaction, generated new forms of cultural production, revealed a fundamental epistemic shift in modern China, and ultimately created a new aesthetic, social, and political landscape.As a critical response to the “urban turn” in the past few decades, this book brings the rural back to the central concern of Chinese cultural studies and aims to bridge the city and the countryside as two types of important geographical entities, which have often remained as disparate scholarly subjects of inquiry in the current state of China studies. Chinese modernity has been characterized by a dual process that created problems from the vast gap between the city and the countryside but simultaneously initiated constant efforts to cope with the gap personally, collectively, and institutionally. The process of “crossing” two distinct geographical spaces was often presented as continuous explorations of various ways of establishing the connectivity, interaction, and relationship of these two imagined geographical entities. Going to the Countryside argues that this new body of cultural productions did not merely turn the rural into a constantly changing representational space; most importantly, the rural has been constructed as a distinct modern experiential and aesthetic realm characterized by revolutionary changes in human conceptions and sentiments.

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, modern Chinese intellectuals, reformers, revolutionaries, leftist journalists, and idealistic youth had often crossed the increasing gap between the city and the countryside, which made the act of “going to the countryside” a distinctively modern experience and a continuous practice in China. Such a spatial crossing eventually culminated in the socialist state program of “down to the villages” movements during the 1960s and 1970s. What, then, was the special significance of “going to the countryside” before that era? Going to the Countryside deals with the cultural representations and practices of this practice between 1915 and 1965, focusing on individual homecoming, rural reconstruction, revolutionary journeys to Yan’an, the revolutionary “going down to the people” as well as going to the frontiers and rural hometowns for socialist construction. As part of the larger discourses of enlightenment, revolution, and socialist industrialization, “going to the countryside” entailed new ways of looking at the world and ordinary people, brought about new experiences of space and time, initiated new means of human communication and interaction, generated new forms of cultural production, revealed a fundamental epistemic shift in modern China, and ultimately created a new aesthetic, social, and political landscape.As a critical response to the “urban turn” in the past few decades, this book brings the rural back to the central concern of Chinese cultural studies and aims to bridge the city and the countryside as two types of important geographical entities, which have often remained as disparate scholarly subjects of inquiry in the current state of China studies. Chinese modernity has been characterized by a dual process that created problems from the vast gap between the city and the countryside but simultaneously initiated constant efforts to cope with the gap personally, collectively, and institutionally. The process of “crossing” two distinct geographical spaces was often presented as continuous explorations of various ways of establishing the connectivity, interaction, and relationship of these two imagined geographical entities. Going to the Countryside argues that this new body of cultural productions did not merely turn the rural into a constantly changing representational space; most importantly, the rural has been constructed as a distinct modern experiential and aesthetic realm characterized by revolutionary changes in human conceptions and sentiments.

Transfer learning deals with how systems can quickly adapt themselves to new situations, tasks and environments. It gives machine learning systems the ability to leverage auxiliary data and models to help solve target problems when there is only a small amount of data available. This makes such systems more reliable and robust, keeping the machine learning model faced with unforeseeable changes from deviating too much from expected performance. At an enterprise level, transfer learning allows knowledge to be reused so experience gained once can be repeatedly applied to the real world. For example, a pre-trained model that takes account of user privacy can be downloaded and adapted at the edge of a computer network. This self-contained, comprehensive reference text describes the standard algorithms and demonstrates how these are used in different transfer learning paradigms. It offers a solid grounding for newcomers as well as new insights for seasoned researchers and developers.

Employing an interdisciplinary approach, this is the first monograph to frame three once widely-read tanci fiction (a type of lyrical narrative) from nineteenth-century China, Meng ying yuan (1843), Yu xuan cao (1894), and Jing zhong zhuan (1895), as interrelated texts composed by three generation of members from one extended gentry family in South China. Based on the framework of family bonds, this book uses the three tanci works, authored by a mother, her daughter, and a nephew, to examine the history of how the changing aesthetics of tanci developed over China’s turbulent nineteenth century. It also demonstrates how the three writers used the genre of tanci to blur the boundaries of orthodox Confucian norms, in order to depict the evolving nature of gendered power relations at the dawn of China’s modernity.

This book focuses on the National College Entrance Exam (NCEE), an important measurement of education quality in China, from both education economics and education policy perspectives. It provides a better understanding and stimulates more sophisticated evaluations of NCEE-related policies in China from the perspectives of education equity, the effectiveness of education input, and education quality. This book reports inspiring findings based on high-quality individual level data, innovative measurement design, and various appropriate identification strategies. The most import conclusion is that both education equity and quality can be achieved using well-designed policies based on solid empirical evidence. This is likely the first book published in English to discuss the NCEE so extensively from multiple perspectives using concrete evidence.