Zhen Li

This book describes how dynamic state estimation application in wide-area measurement systems (WAMS) are crucial for power system reliability, to acquire precisely power system dynamics. The event trigger DSE techniques described by the authors provide a design balance between the communication rate and estimation performance, by selectively sending the innovational data. The discussion also includes practical problems for smart grid applications, such as the non-Gaussian process/measurement noise, packet dropout, computation burden of accurate DSE, robustness to the system variation, etc. Readers will learn how the event trigger DSE can facilitate the effective reduction of communication rates, with guaranteed accuracy under a variety of practical conditions in smart grid applications.

This book describes how dynamic state estimation application in wide-area measurement systems (WAMS) are crucial for power system reliability, to acquire precisely power system dynamics. The event trigger DSE techniques described by the authors provide a design balance between the communication rate and estimation performance, by selectively sending the innovational data. The discussion also includes practical problems for smart grid applications, such as the non-Gaussian process/measurement noise, packet dropout, computation burden of accurate DSE, robustness to the system variation, etc. Readers will learn how the event trigger DSE can facilitate the effective reduction of communication rates, with guaranteed accuracy under a variety of practical conditions in smart grid applications.

This book provides a detailed exploration of microwave testing, a Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) method fully recognized by the American Society for Non-Destructive Testing (ASNT) within the past decade. Designed with a special focus on carbon fibre- and glass fibre-reinforced polymer composites, it addresses the needs of industries where these advanced materials are increasingly used, including aerospace, wind energy, electronics, marine, automotive, construction, sports and piping. For NDT practitioners, understanding this new technique is essential. The book offers an in-depth analysis of the electromagnetic properties of composites. In addition, a thorough discussion of the detection principles, advantages and applications of various methods is presented. The methods are not limited to composites and can be readily adapted to other dielectric materials. This handbook is tailored for engineers and researchers specialising in NDT of composites. It also doubles as a reference for graduate students and senior undergraduates studying microwave engineering or composite materials. Elevate your expertise in microwave testing with this essential guide—crafted for professionals, researchers, and educators driving innovation in advanced non-destructive testing and evaluation.

This book meticulously elaborates on the theory of public goods supply, delving into government supply, market (private) supply, voluntary supply, and multi-stakeholder cooperative supply mechanisms. It conducts a comparative analysis of public goods supply and supply mechanism reforms across various countries. Not only does the book establish a model illustrating the relationship between public goods supply and economic growth, but it also examines the historical evolution of China's urban public goods supply mechanism reform, specifically within Chinese cities. Through this work, the book distills the unique characteristics of China's urban public goods provision and uncovers the underlying issues and influential factors in public goods supply. Additionally, it explores the evolutionary trajectory of urban public infrastructure and public services, analyzing supply mechanisms and performance. Ultimately, the book delves into the policies governing urban public goods supply, analyzing the decision-making mechanisms and influencing factors of these policies, and offering insightful suggestions for ensuring the effective supply of urban public goods in China.

Identity of Chinese Heritage Language Learners in a Global Era enriches the current research on heritage language (HL) learner identity by examining how identity is constructed, negotiated, and performed in the narratives of university Chinese HL (CHL) learners in Hong Kong. This monograph has identified three sub-categories of CHL learners: domestic-born Chinese, ‘third culture’ Chinese, and overseas Chinese sojourners. Through systematically examining these CHL learners’ life-history narratives about language learning, language use, and social experiences from early childhood to university time, this monograph shows how CHL learner identity is dynamically constructed and changed through self and social positioning across a wide range of spatio-temporal contexts. It also adopts investment, agency, and imagined communities to examine the shared discourses which reflect the relationship between identity and the larger social processes that involve transnational or postcolonial encounters. This monograph contributes to reflections on the emerging discourses of HL learner identity in the context of multilingualism and transnational migration. It challenges the stigmatised image of CHL learners as ‘diasporic subjects’ or ‘language minority students’ in the literature and conceptualises CHL learners as transformative linguistic and social actors in processes of transnational migration and institutional change.This monograph is targeted toward educators, researchers, and professionals working in the fields of heritage language, overseas Chinese studies, migrant studies, and intercultural studies.

Identity of Chinese Heritage Language Learners in a Global Era enriches the current research on heritage language (HL) learner identity by examining how identity is constructed, negotiated, and performed in the narratives of university Chinese HL (CHL) learners in Hong Kong. This monograph has identified three sub-categories of CHL learners: domestic-born Chinese, ‘third culture’ Chinese, and overseas Chinese sojourners. Through systematically examining these CHL learners’ life-history narratives about language learning, language use, and social experiences from early childhood to university time, this monograph shows how CHL learner identity is dynamically constructed and changed through self and social positioning across a wide range of spatio-temporal contexts. It also adopts investment, agency, and imagined communities to examine the shared discourses which reflect the relationship between identity and the larger social processes that involve transnational or postcolonial encounters. This monograph contributes to reflections on the emerging discourses of HL learner identity in the context of multilingualism and transnational migration. It challenges the stigmatised image of CHL learners as ‘diasporic subjects’ or ‘language minority students’ in the literature and conceptualises CHL learners as transformative linguistic and social actors in processes of transnational migration and institutional change.This monograph is targeted toward educators, researchers, and professionals working in the fields of heritage language, overseas Chinese studies, migrant studies, and intercultural studies.

During years coaching and teaching practice in the swimming movements, the author discovered a new understanding of the sport. The first part of the book, from the macro point of view he describes the new concept of swimming. The author believes that swimming is microscopic discipline, and the entire sport is macro discipline, to understand and study swimming we must first master the fundamental theories of sports; broaden their horizons and our imagination in order to explore more possibilities in development toward coaching and teaching of swimming. The author presented and explained his unique system in combination of applying not only the principle of sport movement but also philosophy and psychology in his years of practice of coaching and teaching in this sport. The author provided a series of methods to correct common mistakes in order to improve swimmer's techniques and forms. In the last part, based on the concept of swimming, the author classified the skills and techniques of swimming according to their characteristics and the degree of difficulty. He then recommended using special drills to help swimmers to develop the control of both body balance and maintaining streamline in the water, which ultimately will result in overall improvement and progress in the swimming.

This volume explains the beginnings and expansion of China's space program, analyzing how China is now able to hold such ambitions and how the interaction between technology, politics and economics has influenced the Chinese space program. It opens by tracing out the earlier development of the space program and identifying the successes and problems that plagued this initial effort, later focusing upon its development over the past decade and into the future. As China is now able to reach into outer space with its machines and, since 2003, with its humans, the authors examine how this move from a non-participant status to a state operating at the highest level of space activities has confirmed its potential place as the new economic and military superpower of the twenty-first century. They also demonstrate how recent successes mean that China is now confronted by an issue previously encountered by other space ‘powers’, such as the United States and the former Soviet Union: what is the value of the space program, given its high costs and likelihood of dramatic failure?Chinese Space Policy will be of great interest to students of space studies, Chinese politics, security studies, and international relations in general.

This volume explains the beginnings and expansion of China's space program, analyzing how China is now able to hold such ambitions and how the interaction between technology, politics and economics has influenced the Chinese space program. It opens by tracing out the earlier development of the space program and identifying the successes and problems that plagued this initial effort, later focusing upon its development over the past decade and into the future. As China is now able to reach into outer space with its machines and, since 2003, with its humans, the authors examine how this move from a non-participant status to a state operating at the highest level of space activities has confirmed its potential place as the new economic and military superpower of the twenty-first century. They also demonstrate how recent successes mean that China is now confronted by an issue previously encountered by other space ‘powers’, such as the United States and the former Soviet Union: what is the value of the space program, given its high costs and likelihood of dramatic failure?Chinese Space Policy will be of great interest to students of space studies, Chinese politics, security studies, and international relations in general.