Boris Pasternak

"Doktor Zhivago" - kniga, kotoruju nazyvajut odnim iz samykh znachitelnykh proizvedenij russkoj literatury KHKh veka.Cherez tragicheskuju istoriju zhizni glavnogo geroja, popavshego v chudovischnyj krugovorot istoricheskikh sobytij - revoljutsiju, Grazhdanskuju vojnu, - pokazana zhizn kak takovaja, ee glubinnye potajnye mekhanizmy, ee zagadochnaja sut, ee vzlety i padenija.

V tvorchestve B.L. Pasternaka (1890 -1960) - vtorogo posle I.A.Bunina rossijskij laureata Nobelevskoj premii - peredana strast k muzyke, uvlechenie filosofiej, udivlenie pered krasotoj etogo mira. Poezija dlja Pasternaka - prezhde vsego poznanie mira vo vsem ego mnogoobrazii, postizhenie ego garmonii, oschuschenie polnoty bytija. Mirovozzrenie poeta ne sootvetstvovalo sovetskoj epokhe, ego uprekali v "otreshjonnosti ot zhizni", a on ostavalsja tvorcheskoj siloj svoego pokolenija.

"Doktor Zhivago" - roman, kotoryj dolgie gody byl pod zapretom, kultovoe proizvedenie dlja mnogikh pokolenij, nastojaschaja kniga-otkrovenie o sile velikoj ljubvi.V svoem samom znamenitom romane Pasternak maksimalno chutko i tochno otrazil tragicheskuju sudbu svoego pokolenija v perelomnye gody pervoj poloviny XX veka.

Roman Borisa Pasternaka (1890-1960) "Doktor Zhivago" sozdavalsja v techenie desjati let (1945 - 1955) i javljaetsja odnim iz samykh znachimykh proizvedenij russkoj literatury vtoroj poloviny XX veka. Risuja shirokoe polotno zhizni russkoj intelligentsii na fone dramaticheskogo perioda ot nachala dvadtsatogo stoletija do Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojny, kniga zatragivaet tajnu zhizni i smerti, problemy revoljutsii i russkoj istorii. V romane razvivaetsja neskolko sjuzhetnykh linij - sudby glavnykh dejstvujuschikh lits perepletajutsja v slozhnyj uzel.Knigu negativno vstretila sovetskaja literaturnaja sreda, i proizvedenie dolgo nakhodilos pod zapretom. "Doktor Zhivago" vpervye byl izdan za rubezhom. Polnotsennuju pervuju publikatsiju na rodine roman poluchil lish v period perestrojki - v 1988 godu.

Boris Pasternak was a Nobel Prize and gret modern russian poet and writer. Pasternak's first book of poems, My Sister, Life (1917), is one of the most influential collections ever published in the Russian language. When it finally was published in 1921, the book revolutionised Russian poetry. It made Pasternak the model for younger poets, and decisively changed the poetry of Osip Mandelshtam, Marina Tsvetayeva and others. He continued to change his poetry, simplifying his style and language through the years, as expressed in his next book, Early Trains (1943). Pasternak's post-Zhivago poetry probes the universal questions of love, immortality, and reconciliation with God. Boris Pasternak wrote his last complete book, When the Weather Clears, in 1959. Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1958, an event which both humiliated and enraged the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which forced him to decline the prize, though his descendants were later to accept it in his name in 1988.

Doctor Zhivago is a novel by Boris Pasternak, first published in 1957 in Italy. The novel is named after its protagonist, Yuri Zhivago, a physician and poet, and takes place between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and World War II.Owing to the author's independent-minded stance on the October Revolution, Doctor Zhivago was refused publication in the USSR. At the instigation of Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, the manuscript was smuggled to Milan and published in 1957. Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature the following year, an event that embarrassed and enraged the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.The novel was made into a film by David Lean in 1965, and since then has twice been adapted for television, most recently as a miniseries for Russian TV in 2006. The novel Doctor Zhivago has been part of the Russian school curriculum since 2003, where it is read in 11th grade. Edmund Wilson wrote of the novel: "Doctor Zhivago will, I believe, come to stand as one of the great events in man's literary and moral history". V. S. Pritchett wrote in the New Statesman that the novel is " t]he first work of genius to come out of Russia since the revolution." When the novel came out in Italian, Anders sterling, the then permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy which awards the Nobel Prize in Literature, wrote in January 1958: "A strong patriotic accent comes through, but with no trace of empty propaganda... With its abundant documentation, its intense local color and its psychological frankness, this work bears convincing witness to the fact that the creative faculty in literature is in no sense extinct in Russia. It is hard to believe that the Soviet authorities might seriously envisage forbidding its publication in the land of its birth." Some literary critics "found that there was no real plot to the novel, that its chronology was confused, that the main characters were oddly effaced, that the author relied far too much on contrived coincidences." Vladimir Nabokov, who had celebrated Pasternak's books of poetry as works of "pure, unbridled genius", however, considered the novel to be "a sorry thing, clumsy, trite and melodramatic, with stock situations, voluptuous lawyers, unbelievable girls, romantic robbers and trite coincidences." On the other hand, some critics praised it for being things that, in the opinion of translator Richard Pevear, it was never meant to be: a moving love story, or a lyrical biography of a poet in which the individual is set against the grim realities of Soviet life. Pasternak defended the numerous coincidences in the plot, saying that they are "traits to characterize that somewhat willful, free, fanciful flow of reality." In response to criticism in the West of his novel's characters and coincidences, Pasternak wrote to Stephen Spender: Whatever the cause, reality has been for me like a sudden, unexpected arrival that is intensely welcome. I have always tried to reproduce this sense of being sent, of being launched... there is an effort in my novels to represent the whole sequence (facts, beings, happenings) as a great moving entity... a developing, passing, rolling, rushing inspiration. As if reality itself had freedom of choice... Hence the reproach that my characters were insufficiently realized. Rather than delineate, I was trying to efface them. Hence the frank arbitrariness of the "coincidences." Here I wanted to show the unrestrained freedom of life, its very verisimilitude contiguous with improbability. (wikipedia.org)

Doctor Zhivago is a novel by Boris Pasternak, first published in 1957 in Italy. The novel is named after its protagonist, Yuri Zhivago, a physician and poet, and takes place between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and World War II.Owing to the author's independent-minded stance on the October Revolution, Doctor Zhivago was refused publication in the USSR. At the instigation of Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, the manuscript was smuggled to Milan and published in 1957. Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature the following year, an event that embarrassed and enraged the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.The novel was made into a film by David Lean in 1965, and since then has twice been adapted for television, most recently as a miniseries for Russian TV in 2006. The novel Doctor Zhivago has been part of the Russian school curriculum since 2003, where it is read in 11th grade. Edmund Wilson wrote of the novel: "Doctor Zhivago will, I believe, come to stand as one of the great events in man's literary and moral history". V. S. Pritchett wrote in the New Statesman that the novel is " t]he first work of genius to come out of Russia since the revolution." When the novel came out in Italian, Anders sterling, the then permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy which awards the Nobel Prize in Literature, wrote in January 1958: "A strong patriotic accent comes through, but with no trace of empty propaganda... With its abundant documentation, its intense local color and its psychological frankness, this work bears convincing witness to the fact that the creative faculty in literature is in no sense extinct in Russia. It is hard to believe that the Soviet authorities might seriously envisage forbidding its publication in the land of its birth." Some literary critics "found that there was no real plot to the novel, that its chronology was confused, that the main characters were oddly effaced, that the author relied far too much on contrived coincidences." Vladimir Nabokov, who had celebrated Pasternak's books of poetry as works of "pure, unbridled genius", however, considered the novel to be "a sorry thing, clumsy, trite and melodramatic, with stock situations, voluptuous lawyers, unbelievable girls, romantic robbers and trite coincidences." On the other hand, some critics praised it for being things that, in the opinion of translator Richard Pevear, it was never meant to be: a moving love story, or a lyrical biography of a poet in which the individual is set against the grim realities of Soviet life. Pasternak defended the numerous coincidences in the plot, saying that they are "traits to characterize that somewhat willful, free, fanciful flow of reality." In response to criticism in the West of his novel's characters and coincidences, Pasternak wrote to Stephen Spender: Whatever the cause, reality has been for me like a sudden, unexpected arrival that is intensely welcome. I have always tried to reproduce this sense of being sent, of being launched... there is an effort in my novels to represent the whole sequence (facts, beings, happenings) as a great moving entity... a developing, passing, rolling, rushing inspiration. As if reality itself had freedom of choice... Hence the reproach that my characters were insufficiently realized. Rather than delineate, I was trying to efface them. Hence the frank arbitrariness of the "coincidences." Here I wanted to show the unrestrained freedom of life, its very verisimilitude contiguous with improbability. (wikipedia.org)

Boris Pasternak was a Nobel Prize and gret modern russian poet and writer. Pasternak's first book of poems, My Sister, Life (1917), is one of the most influential collections ever published in the Russian language. When it finally was published in 1921, the book revolutionised Russian poetry. It made Pasternak the model for younger poets, and decisively changed the poetry of Osip Mandelshtam, Marina Tsvetayeva and others. He continued to change his poetry, simplifying his style and language through the years, as expressed in his next book, Early Trains (1943). Pasternak's post-Zhivago poetry probes the universal questions of love, immortality, and reconciliation with God. Boris Pasternak wrote his last complete book, When the Weather Clears, in 1959. Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1958, an event which both humiliated and enraged the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which forced him to decline the prize, though his descendants were later to accept it in his name in 1988.

V nastojaschee izdanie voshlo osnovnoe sobranie liricheskikh proizvedenij velikogo russkogo poeta, laureata Nobelevskoj premii Borisa Leonidovicha Pasternaka: devjat poeticheskikh knig, vkljuchaja stikhotvorenija iz romana "Doktor Zhivago", a takzhe avtobiograficheskij ocherk "Ljudi i polozhenija". Kakim by slozhnym ni byl put poeta - ot "vysokogo kosnojazychija" rannikh "neistovykh" stikhov k "oshelomljajuschej prostote" pozdnej liriki, - dlja mnogikh pokolenij chitatelej on byl i ostaetsja ljubimym i znachitelnym, kak chistyj zvuk v oglushajuschem shume svoej epokhi. Po slovam Tsvetaevoj, u Pasternaka nikogda ne budet "ploschadi". No budet "mnozhestvo odinokikh, odinokoe mnozhestvo zhazhduschikh, kotorykh on, uedinennyj rodnik, poit".

Safe Conduct is Boris Pasternak's first and best autobiography, penned after the great success of Dr. Zhivago.Here translated by Alec Brown and Lydia Pasternak-Slater, and written when he was forty, Safe Conduct puzzled many readers in Russia and when it appeared in English, because its isolated sharp impressions and juxtapositions seem to deny chronology, but at least one critic recognized it as "the most original of autobiographies, employing a new technique of great important."

"Mir dlja Pasternaka sostoit iz chudes, chudes odushevlenija neodushevlennogo, voskreshenija omertvevshego..." - pishet D. S. Likhachev. Chudo poezii Pasternaka - v ee odnovremennykh legkosti i slozhnosti, muzykalnosti i zhivopisnosti, glubine metafor i polete mysli. Boris Pasternak prozhil vse ipostasi russkogo poeta: on byl ljubim, priznan, izgnan, zaklejmen. No poezija ego ostavalas neizmenno elegantnoj i vysokoj. I skvoz goda uzhe vo ves golos zvenjat ego stroki: "Ja odin, vse tonet v farisejstve. / Zhizn prozhit - ne pole perejti".Khudozhnitsa Elizaveta Bukhalova v strogoj grafike svoikh illjustratsij zafiksirovala mgnovenija iskusstva slova.

Stikhotvornye perevody Borisa Leonidovicha Pasternaka, velichajshego russkogo poeta, laureata Nobelevskoj premii, vkhodjat v ego khudozhestvennyj mir "kak vekhi, opredeljajuschie v kakoj-to stepeni ego sobstvennyj tvorcheskij put, potomu chto Pasternak, oderzhimyj ljubovju k perevodimym poetam, sumel peredat i chitatelju eto velikolepnoe tvorcheskoe volnenie", - pisal literaturnyj kritik i sovremennik Pasternaka A. Evgenev. Sredi takikh poetov Shekspir i Gjote, Bajron i Shelli, Kits, Verlen, Rilke i dr. Po mysli Pasternaka, perevod imeet smysl lish togda, kogda peredaet dukh proizvedenija, i, podobno originalu, proizvodit vpechatlenie zhizni, a ne slovesnosti: "Sootvetstvie teksta - svjaz slishkom slabaja, chtoby obespechit perevodu tselesoobraznost. Takie perevody ne opravdyvajutobeschanija. Ikh blednye pereskazy ne dajut ponjatija o glavnoj storonepredmeta, kotoryj oni berutsja otrazhat, - o ego sile".

Med efterord af Leif Davidsen. Doktor Zjivago er fortællingen om en mand og hans skæbne, hans kærlighedsoplevelser og nederlag i den mest bevægende periode i moderne russisk historie, tiden 1900-30. En stor romanklassiker. Udkommer i Gyldendals Klassikerkollektion - en ny serie med klassikere fra Danmark og hele verden. Første kollektion samlede sig om erindring som både tema og genre. Anden kollektion har fokus på kærlighed.

Boris Leonidovich Pasternak - voshel v russkuju poeziju nezametno. Kazhetsja, chto on vsegda v nej byl. Predlagaemyj sbornik predstavljaet chitatelju izbrannoe poeta, chtoby pokazat dvizhenie ot eksperimentov s formoj k "eksperimentu" s myslju. Na ravnykh pravakh s izvestnymi stikhami i, bolee togo, kak zakljuchenie knigi stikhov, predlagajutsja chitatelju stikhotvorenija, ne vkljuchennye v osnovnoe sobranie, drugie redaktsii i varianty. Dolgoe vremja ignoriruemyj, a vposledstvii i gonimyj na rodine ne tolko ofitsialnoj vlastju, no i obolvanennymi neobrazovannymi massami, on byl udostoen vysshej literaturnoj nagrady - Nobelevskoj premii (1958).

Boris Pasternak (1890-1960), laureat Nobelevskoj premii, talantlivejshij poet i perevodchik, napisal svoj edinstvennyj, izvestnyj na ves mir roman v seredine 50-kh godov. "Doktor Zhivago" - zakhvatyvajuschaja istorija ljubvi i tragicheskoe svidetelstvo prevraschenija Rossijskoj imperii v Sovetskuju Rossiju.

Dlja sovremennogo molodogo chitatelja rannjaja proza klassika russkoj literatury XX veka Borisa Leonidovicha Pasternaka (1890-1960) neredko byvaet zaslonena znamenitym romanom "Doktor Zhivago". Mezhdu tem, povesti "Detstvo Ljuvers" (1918) i "Okhrannaja gramota" (1930) takzhe prinadlezhat k vershinnym proizvedenijam russkoj literatury, sravnimym s trilogiej Lva Tolstogo o detstve, otrochestve i junosti. (Vspomnim, kstati, chto i pervonachalnoe nazvanie "Doktora Zhivago" - "Malchiki i devochki".) Povest o vzroslenii "pridumannoj" devochki Zheni Ljuvers i avtobiograficheskaja ispoved velikogo poeta ediny v glavnom: "Pasternak ne izobrazhal mir rebenka, a vyrazhal ego iznutri" (Aleksandr Arkhangelskij). Vse ego proizvedenija slovno osvescheny vospominanijami o detskikh radostjakh - rozhdestvenskikh elkakh, zolotykh sharakh, imbirnykh prjanikakh - i o nepoddelnykh detskikh gorestjakh i dramakh. Vot kvintessentsija etoj vysokoj prozy, stroki iz finala "Okhrannoj gramoty": "Vse my stali ljudmi lish v toj mere, v kakoj ljudej ljubili i imeli sluchaj ljubit... Ljubit samootverzhenno i bezzavetno, s siloj, ravnoj kvadratu distantsii, - delo nashikh serdets, poka my deti".Soprovoditelnaja statja Eleny Kholmogorovoj.Elena Kholmogorova - prozaik, esseist, prepodavatel. Po obrazovaniju istorik. Avtor desjati knig, v tom chisle "Trio dlja kvarteta", "Priznaki zhizni", "Luchshaja rol vtorogo plana", "Granitsa dozhdja", "Chtenie s lista" i dr. Zavedujuschaja otdelom prozy i otvetstvennyj sekretar zhurnala "Znamja". Prepodaet v Institute zhurnalistiki i literaturnogo tvorchestva i Creative Writing School / Literaturnye masterskie. Chlen Soveta ekspertov Natsionalnoj literaturnoj premii "Bolshaja kniga".