Brad Power

Sur les 15 millions de Musulmans recens s en Europe de l'Ouest, plus de 5 millions sont install s en France qui est l'Etat occidental comptant la plus forte proportion de Musulmans au sein de sa population. Depuis le d but des ann es 2000, le ph nom ne islamiste ne cesse de cro tre, essentiellement concentr dans les banlieues des grandes agglom rations. Les extr mistes sont devenus des acteurs majeurs des zones sensibles et les signes de progression de l'islam radical s'observent chaque jour. Le minist re de l'Int rieur value 50 000 le nombre de nouveaux convertis dans notre pays en quelques ann es.

Egypt faces a serious threat from terrorist groups, not only in the Sinai Peninsula but also in other parts of the country. Unfortunately, the government's counter-terrorism campaign over the past several years has not ended this threat, and some of its policies have actually contributed to the problem. In order for Egypt to succeed in defeating terrorism, it needs to develop a more comprehensive approach that involves more nimble and selective security tactics, economic policies that provide disaffected Bedouin youth in Sinai with meaningful alternatives to joining the terrorists' ranks, and more open political space in the country to allow for the airing of grievances without fear of retribution.

Le groupe qui se nomme tat islamique (IS) a effectu le nettoyage ethnique sur une chelle historique dans le nord de l'Irak. IS a syst matiquement cibl les communaut s musulmanes non arabes et non-sunnites, tuant ou enlevant des centaines, voire des milliers, et for ant plus de 830.000 autres fuir les zones qu'il a captur depuis le 10 Juin 2014. Les minorit s ethniques et religieuses - chr tiens assyriens, Turkm nes chiites, chiites Shabak, Y zidis, Kakai et Sabean - Mand ens ont v cu ensemble dans la province de Ninive depuis des si cles. Des centaines, voire des milliers, de Y zidis, la plupart des femmes et des enfants de la r gion de Sinjar, ont t enlev s alors qu'ils fuyaient IS au d but d'Ao t 2014. Au moment de l' criture, ils continuent tre d tenu par l'IS et avec quelques exceptions pr s, on sait peu de leur sort ou le lieu.

Hamas is an acronym for Harakat al-Muqawamah al-Islamiyyah (Islamic Resistance Movement). Founded in 1987, Hamas is a militant Sunni Palestinian organization operating primarily in the Gaza Strip and parts of the West Bank. The group's followers are opposed to the existence of Israel, and believe that it is the religious duty of every Muslim to assist in the return of all Israeli-controlled territory to the Palestinians. Hamas is part militant fighting force, part Sunni political party and part social service organization that has a growing influence in its OE. An overarching Shura council provides organizational guidance and over-sight for the organization as a whole. Hamas is composed of three overlapping "wings" or sections-the social services/welfare section, the political bureau and the military wing. The political bureau is led by Khalad Mashal. Mashal's deputy, Mousa Abu Marzouk, operates in the Gaza Strip. The political bureau, which is the public political face of Hamas, is composed of 8-12 members and oversees the combat elements (Qassam Brigades) and social services section. Despite public pronouncements of such organizational boundaries, the divisions are operationally less significant. Missions, personnel and resources flow between the sections with the military component ultimately garnering the most attention and funding. The fighting section, as the group's name states, defines it is the heart and soul of Hamas.

In an August 17 (2007) meeting, Israeli Mossad Chief Meir Dagan thanked Under Secretary Burns for America's support of Israel as evidenced by the previous day's signing of an MOU that provides Israel with USD 30 billion in security assistance from 2008-2018. Dagan reviewed Israel's five-pillar strategy concerning Iran's nuclear program, stressed that Iran is economically vulnerable, and pressed for more activity with Iran's minority groups aimed at regime change. Assessing the region, Dagan said Israel sees itself in the middle of a rapidly changing environment, in which the fate of one Middle Eastern country is connected to another. Turning to Iran, Dagan observed that it is in a transition period. Instability in Iran is driven by inflation and tension among ethnic minorities. Dagan said that the Gulf states and Saudi Arabia are concerned about the growing importance of Iran and its influence on them. They are taking precautions, trying to increase their own military defensive capabilities. Referring to the Gulf Security Dialogue (GSD), Dagan warned that these countries would not be able to cope with the amount of weapons systems they intend to acquire: "They do not use the weapons effectively."