David Williams

This textbook provides a historical survey of economic and political development theory and practice from 1945. Against the background of changes in global politics, it explores how the project of international development has been shaped in a series of wider contexts. Divided into two historical parts: the Sovereign Order, post 1945 to the early-1980s, and the Liberal post-Cold War Era from the 1980s to the present day, it examines:the evolution of ideas of international development: how the problem of development was conceived and is understood in relation to development economics and political development. It also addresses the impact of neo-liberal ‘counterrevolution’ in development theory, the rise of good governance, participation and ownership, as well as the impact of the ‘war on terror’ and the ‘securitisation of development’institutions in international development: from the emergence of development agencies, their policies and the provision of different types of aid to changing aid flows and the growth of a more integrated ‘development community’ with implications for developing countries. Finally, it looks at the how the ‘war on terror’ and the ‘securitisation of development’ have shaped what these agencies dothe practices of international development: these chapters examine a number of countries and their relations with development agencies; the kinds of projects and programmes these agencies supported; and the outcomes of these projects and programmes. This valuable and important teaching tool will be of interest to students of development, international relations, politics and economics.

This textbook provides a historical survey of economic and political development theory and practice from 1945. Against the background of changes in global politics, it explores how the project of international development has been shaped in a series of wider contexts. Divided into two historical parts: the Sovereign Order, post 1945 to the early-1980s, and the Liberal post-Cold War Era from the 1980s to the present day, it examines:the evolution of ideas of international development: how the problem of development was conceived and is understood in relation to development economics and political development. It also addresses the impact of neo-liberal ‘counterrevolution’ in development theory, the rise of good governance, participation and ownership, as well as the impact of the ‘war on terror’ and the ‘securitisation of development’institutions in international development: from the emergence of development agencies, their policies and the provision of different types of aid to changing aid flows and the growth of a more integrated ‘development community’ with implications for developing countries. Finally, it looks at the how the ‘war on terror’ and the ‘securitisation of development’ have shaped what these agencies dothe practices of international development: these chapters examine a number of countries and their relations with development agencies; the kinds of projects and programmes these agencies supported; and the outcomes of these projects and programmes. This valuable and important teaching tool will be of interest to students of development, international relations, politics and economics.

Of interest to historians, classicists, media and digital theorists, literary scholars, museologists, and archivists, Media, Memory, and the First World War is a comparative study that shows how the dominant mode of communication in a popular culture - from oral traditions to digital media - shapes the structure of memory within that culture.

The Rebecca Riots in west Wales began in the summer of 1839. They ceased as suddenly as they had started, and for three and a half years the countryside was undisturbed. Then, in the winter of 1842, they broke out again with greater violence. By day the countryside seemed quiet, but at night fantastically disguised horsemen, many dressed as women, careered along highways and through narrow lanes on their mysterious errands. The movement has been unusually been represented as the uprising of an oppressed peasantry, particularly against the burden of the toll-gates. Its causes, however, were far more deep-seated than that.

In the 1990s the World Bank changed its policy to take the position that the problems of poverty and governance are inextricably linked, and improving the governance of its borrower countries became increasingly accepted as a legitimate and important part of the World Bank’s development activities. This book examines why the World Bank came to see good governance as important and evaluate what the World Bank is doing to improve the governance of its borrower countries. David Williams examines changing World Bank policy since the late 1970s to show how a concern with good governance grew out of the problems the World Bank was experiencing with structural adjustment lending, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. The book provides an account of the early years of the World Bank and traces the increasing acceptance of the idea of good governance within the Bank through the 1990s, while systematically relating the policies of good governance to liberalism. The author provides a detailed case study of World Bank lending to Ghana to demonstrate what the attempt to improve ‘governance’ looks like in practice. Williams assesses whether the World Bank has been successful in its attempts to improve governance, and draws out some of the implications of the argument for how we should think about sovereignty, for how we should understand the connections between liberalism and international politics.This book will be of interest to students and scholars of international relations, politics, economics, development and African studies.

Manufacturing in Europe is under great pressure from structural changes in the global economy. The high technical, social and cultural standards in Europe mean that our manufacturing enterprises lead the world but inevitably production and consumption continues to migrate to regions that allow higher profitability from lower costs of production with the promise of new markets. Structural changes in European industries will influence employment and welfare. However, there are signs of a new High-Adding-Value industrial revolution. This book has the answers that will allow us to avoid the negative consequences of this migration. A new model of future manufacturing – ManuFuture - has been forged in discussion with the world’s leading scientists in manufacturing and many experts from research, industry and economic policy. The results of this, the road to competitive and sustainable manufacturing, are captured in this fundamental book. The generic Model of ManuFuture, a Vision 2020 and a Strategic Research Agenda and the proactive initiatives required are presented here. They show the approach to manufacturing in the age of knowledge and the actions that must be taken.

Tavallinen B3-vitamiini niasiini edistää myös aivojen välitysaineen asetyylikoliinin tuotantoa. Niasiinin bonuksena on lisäksi sen verenpainetta alentava vaikutus. Niasiinin ottaminen on helpoimpia menetelmiä kohottaa hyvän kolesterolin HDL:n tasoa ja ylläpitää sitä. Kirjassa tarkastellaan myös ravinnon ja useiden muiden ravintolisien merkitystä. Kunnollisen aivotoiminnan avaintekijöitä ovat omega-3 -rasvahapot EPA ja DHA. Muistin heikentymisen ja Alzheimerin taudin edistymistä voidaan hidastaa lisäämällä asetyyli-L-karnitiinia, lesitiiniää, ginkgoa ja Padman Basic -yrttiyhdistelmää ruokavalioon. Tohtori Williams käsittelee myös riittävän jodin saannin merkitystä oikealle aivotoiminnalle sekä diabeteksen ja Alzheimerin taudin välistä yhteyttä, myös sokerin ja kemiallisten aineiden haittoja. Raskametallien poistaminen on myös tarkastelun kohteena.

Contains anecdotes and insights into the early British blues scene, and guitar legend, Jimmy Page's formative years as a musician, the beginnings of the Rolling Stones, and much more.

Of interest to historians, classicists, media and digital theorists, literary scholars, museologists, and archivists, Media, Memory, and the First World War is a comparative study that shows how the dominant mode of communication in a popular culture - from oral traditions to digital media - shapes the structure of memory within that culture.

Birmingham has been a key innovator in the gun trade since the seventeenth century and the Birmingham Gun Barrel Proof house operates to this day. Between 1855 and 1861 six million arms were testing and proofed here - many of them destined for the USA. Those who worked in the Birmingham Gun Quarter were at the forefront of this incredible industry. This book tells the story of the technology and history of gun making. Covering the period 1720 to 1950, it sees the mechanical engineering technology of the 'lock, stock and barrel' firearm change significantly. David Williams, an engineer and academic, has studied the battle between the manual processes of manufacturing using the dexterity of many pople and the clumsy but tireless machine, and here examines this complex relationship in gunmaking, paying particular attention to interchangeable military firearms manufacture and the growth and decline of the Birmingham military and sporting gun trade.Accompanied by over 130 illustrations, The Birmingham Gun Trade is more than a narrative of gunmaking in Birmingham through the years: it is a thoughtful comment on craft skills, the use of machines and, most significant of all, the effect of having changing technologies on people's jobs, livelihoods and locations.